Assessment of DNA Damage on Adult Albino Rats Induced by Dermal Exposure to P-Phenylenediamine (PPD)

AlSeigini, Ahmed; ElSayed, Amany; Elhelaly, Hend; Abdelhakim, Eman

doi:10.21608/ajfm.2014.18763

Ain Shams Journal of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology

2014

DOI: 10.21608/ajfm.2014.18763

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Assessment of DNA Damage on Adult Albino Rats Induced by Dermal Exposure to P-Phenylenediamine (PPD)

Ahmed AlSeigini

Amany ElSayed

Hend Elhelaly

et al.

Abstract: Hair dyes are widely used as cosmetic agents to color the grey hair around the world. Pphenylenediamine (PPD) induced genotoxicity due to dermal application was investigated in this study. 90 rats conducted this study and were classified into main 4 groups. Negative control group, positive control group. In-addition, two toxicity groups; short term toxicity group and long term toxicity group. Both toxicity groups were further subdivided according to PPD dose into 10 and 15 mg/kg subgroups. The results showed t… Show more

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Toxicological Effects of Para-Phenylenediamine on kidneys of Female Albino Rats.

Mohamed¹,

Hassan²,

mitwalli³

et al. 2023

Biannual Forensic Sciences and Toxicology Journal

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Background: Para-phenylenediamine (PPD) is a chemical substance used mainly in synthesis of printing ink, photographic solutions, photocopying, temporary tattoo and dark colored cosmetics. Continuous exposure to Para-phenylenediamine has side effect on both kidney structure and function in female albino rats. Aim of work: This study aimed to evaluate the toxicological effects of paraphenylenediamine on the kidneys of female albino rats. Methods: The total experimental period was 60 days, 72 female adult albino rats were used as follows: negative control; positive control (distilled water on the shaved skin, H2O2 6% on the shaved skin, distilled water on the hairy skin and H2O2 6% on the hairy skin); test group I: PPD solution in distilled water (10 mg / kg /day) on shaved skin & on hairy skin; test group II: PPD dissolved in H2O2 6% (10 mg /kg/ day) on shaved skin& on hairy skin. The level of serum creatinine and blood urea was measured and the renal tissues were examined by light and transmission electron microscope. As PPD generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), which is highly nephrotoxic.

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Toxicological Effects of Para-Phenylenediamine on kidneys of Female Albino Rats.

Mohamed¹,

Hassan²,

mitwalli³

et al. 2023

Biannual Forensic Sciences and Toxicology Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Possible Toxicological Effects Associated With Chronic Dermal Exposure to Para-Phenylenediamine (Ppd) on Pancreas of Adult Male Albino Rats

El-Nagdy

Etewa

Mohamed

et al. 2020

The Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences and Applied Toxicolog

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Paraphenylenediamine (PPD) is a chemical compound that is commonly used as dark cosmotics and in hair coloring. The aim of this work is to evaluate toxic effect of chronic dermal exposure to PPD on pancreas. Methods: Forty adult male albino rats were used in this study divided into; control group (10 rats) painted on their dorsal sides with 2 ml distilled water and PPD-exposed group (30 rats) was divided into 3 groups; groups I, II and III which were exposed to PPD dermally by painting their dorsal sides with 1, 2, and 3 mg/kg of PPD respectively (dissolved in 2 ml distilled water) daily for 12 weeks. At the end of the study, all rats were tested for intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT), Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1C) and plasma insulin levels. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemical studies for PCNA and insulin were also performed. Results: The results revealed significant glucose intolerance with decreased level of plasma insulin level in PPD-exposed rats when compared with control group. On histopathological examination, PPD groups showed vacuolations in cells of islets of Langerhans, irregular distorted acini, and congested blood vessels. Immunohistochemical staining revealed weak positive immunoreaction for insulin with significant decrease in area percentage of positive insulin immunoreaction and strong positive immunoreaction for PCNA in groups II and III. Conclusion: It was concluded that chronic dermal exposure to PPD resulted in dose-dependent toxic effects on pancreas, with recommendations to avoid chronic dermal exposure to hair dyes containing PPD and adherence to wear protective gloves when chronic handling of these dyes is necessary.

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Assessment of DNA Damage on Adult Albino Rats Induced by Dermal Exposure to P-Phenylenediamine (PPD)

Cited by 2 publications

References 15 publications

Toxicological Effects of Para-Phenylenediamine on kidneys of Female Albino Rats.

Toxicological Effects of Para-Phenylenediamine on kidneys of Female Albino Rats.

Possible Toxicological Effects Associated With Chronic Dermal Exposure to Para-Phenylenediamine (Ppd) on Pancreas of Adult Male Albino Rats

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