Toxicological Effects of Para-Phenylenediamine on kidneys of Female Albino Rats.

Abstract

Background: Para-phenylenediamine (PPD) is a chemical substance used mainly in synthesis of printing ink, photographic solutions, photocopying, temporary tattoo and dark colored cosmetics. Continuous exposure to Para-phenylenediamine has side effect on both kidney structure and function in female albino rats. Aim of work: This study aimed to evaluate the toxicological effects of paraphenylenediamine on the kidneys of female albino rats. Methods: The total experimental period was 60 days, 72 female adult albino rats were used as follows: negative control; positive control (distilled water on the shaved skin, H2O2 6% on the shaved skin, distilled water on the hairy skin and H2O2 6% on the hairy skin); test group I: PPD solution in distilled water (10 mg / kg /day) on shaved skin & on hairy skin; test group II: PPD dissolved in H2O2 6% (10 mg /kg/ day) on shaved skin& on hairy skin. The level of serum creatinine and blood urea was measured and the renal tissues were examined by light and transmission electron microscope. As PPD generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), which is highly nephrotoxic.