Assessment of cytotoxicity and antioxidant properties of berry leaves as by-products with potential application in cosmetic and pharmaceutical products

Abstract

Vaccinum myrtillus L., Ribes nigrum L., Rubus fruticosus L., Fragaria vesca L. leaves are considered an agro-waste of the berry industry. Although numerous studies indicate fruit is a rich source of bioactive compounds, the authors prove leaves can also be a valuable source of compounds used in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. The study attempts to assess and compare the antioxidant and cytotoxic properties of berry leaves extracts. The total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, anthocyanins and procyanidins content were determined. Antioxidant potential was evaluated using the DPPH radical scavenging method. Cytotoxicity studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of the extracts on the metabolism and proliferation of keratinocytes and fibroblasts in vitro. The effect on the migration capacity of these cells was also assessed. The obtained results show that the examined extracts are a source of valuable bioactive agents. All tested extracts show significant ability to remove free radicals in higher concentrations. Cytotoxicity assessments have shown that leaf extracts of the analyzed plants differ in cytotoxicity, both for keratinocytes and fibroblasts. The results of the assessment of cell migration capacity correlate with cytotoxicity tests, because the concentration of extracts showing cytotoxic activity towards the tested cells also inhibited their migration.

Metabolites of Siberian Raspberries: LC-MS Profile, Seasonal Variation, Antioxidant Activity and, Thermal Stability of Rubus matsumuranus Phenolome

“…Both flavonols were detected previously in R. ulmifolius [40], R. idaeus, R. saxatilis, R. fruticosus, R. occidentalis, R. odoratus, R. caesius [41], and R. erythrocladus [42]. Quercetin-3-O-glucoside (39) and kaempferol-3-O-glucuronide (41) were isolated from R. idaeus leaves [43]. (63).…”

“…Epicatechin (12) was detected in the aerial part of R. coriifolius [36] and the leaves of R. fruticosus and R. idaeus [37]. Procyanidins B 1 (9) and B 2 (11) were found in R. idaeus shoots and R. fruticosus leaves [37][38][39].…”

A metabolomics approach to evaluate the effect of lyophilization versus oven drying on the chemical composition of plant extracts

“…Plants produce secondary metabolites and compounds that have applications in the nutraceutical, cosmeceutical, and pharmaceutical industries 1 – 4 . In pharmacy, plant secondary metabolites such as carotenoids, phenolic compounds, and nitrogen compounds gained interest for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties 5 – 7 .…”

Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Properties of Field-Grown and In Vitro Leaves, and Calluses in Blackberry and Blueberry

“…Three mechanisms of action of bioactive compounds are generally known: hydrogen atom transfer (HAT), single electron transfer (SET), and the ability to chelate transition metals [41][42][43]. These mechanisms include several tests most commonly used to assess the antioxidant properties of phenolics extracts of leaves and callus cultures of berry plants [11,12,20,31,44]. In this study, three in vitro screening antioxidant assays, FRP, ABTS •+ and DPPH • scavenging activity, were used with the aim of evaluating the antioxidant potential of the leaves and calluses of blueberry and blackberry cultivars (Figure 3).…”

“…The DPPH • scavenging assay is most commonly used to evaluate the antioxidant properties of field-grown leaves [5,6,38,39,44] and callus cultures [30,31] of different blueberry and blackberry cultivars. In this study, similar to the FRP results, aqueous extracts of field-grown and in vitro leaves of blackberry ' Čačanska Bestrna' showed ABTS •+ values significantly higher than ABTS •+ values for aqueous extracts of field-grown and in vitro leaves of blueberry 'Toro'.…”