Assessment of Complement Binding by Anti‐D and Anti‐M Antibodies Employing Labelled Antiglobulin Antibodies

Freedman, John; Massey, A.; Chaplin, Hugh; Monroe, Martha C.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2141.1980.tb07150.x

Cited by 19 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Furthermore, M substance inhibited the cells and to normal MM and MN cells, but not to NN cells. There was a marked dosage effect, dependent on the phenotype (MM > MN), similar to that reported by Bowes [2], and Freedman et al [5]. Thus, auto-anti-M might be expected to produce less severe haemolysis in patients with the MN pheno type, such as the present one.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

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Chronic Cold Haemagglutinin Disease Due to an Anti-M-Like Autoantibody

Chapman¹,

Murphy²,

Waters³

1982

Vox Sanguinis

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A case of chronic cold haemagglutinin disease due to an IgM monoclonal (kappa) autoantibody with anti-M-like specificity is described in a patient with the MN phenotype. The autoantibody was present in very high titre and active at body temperature, but haemolysis was only mild. The direct antiglobulin test was positive due to C(3)d on the patient’s red cells, and the autoantibody was able to bind complement to normal MM and MN cells with a marked dosage effect.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…22 years ago she was seen at another hospital for hypertension. Her Hb was then 12.8 g/dl, white cell count 5.2x109/1 and platelet count normal. However, the ESR was 126 mm in 1 h and the blood film showed marked red cell autoagglutination at room temperature, which has been a constant feature ever since.…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Cold Haemagglutinin Disease Due to an Anti-M-Like Autoantibody

Chapman¹,

Murphy²,

Waters³

1982

Vox Sanguinis

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“…Freedman et al , in 1980[9] described the complement activating nature of anti-M by testing with 125 I- labeled anti C3d. Combs et al , in 1991[10] described an autoanti-M causing hemolysis in vitro by activating complement in conventional tube testing at low ionic strength.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-M: Report of two cases and review of literature

Tondon

Kataria

Chaudhry

2008

Asian J Transfus Sci

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Anti-M is a fairly common naturally occurring antibody with rarely causing hemolytic transfusion reactions or hemolytic disease of the newborn. Most anti-M are not active at 37°C and can generally be ignored in transfusion practice. However, we did not find this antibody to be fairly common and detected only two cases of anti-M in the past three years. We describe these two cases; one ‘immunizing’ type and other ‘naturally occurring’ and review the literature. The immunizing type was reactive at 37°C as well as AHG phase of testing with IgG component, and showing dosage effect while the other was ‘naturally occurring’ reactive well below 37°C. Though rare, sometimes these antibodies can be of clinical significance when the antibody detected is reactive at 37°C and AHG phase. When the antibody is active at 37°C, M antigen negative cross match compatible red cell unit should be given.

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“…When especially sensitive techniques are employed it can be shown that trace amounts of the C3d subunit of the third component of human complement (C3) are regularly present on the red blood cells (RBC) of normal human subjects (Graham ef al, 1976;Rosenfield & Jagathambal, 1978;Freedman & Massey, 1979;Freedman et al, 1980). Experience with polyspecific antiglobulin reagents containing anti-C3d antibody has suggested that weakly 'false positive' reactions sometimes obtained with normal RBC may be accounted for by antibody reacting with the C3d bound to such RBC (Garratty & Petz, 1976).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitation of Red Blood Cell‐bound C3d in Normal Subjects and Random Hospitalized Patients

1981

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Summary. A sensitive radiolabelled anti‐antiglobulin method was devised and applied to quantitating red blood cell‐bound C3d (RBC‐C3d) in samples from 174 normal blood donors. C3d was demonstrable on all RBC examined; 98% of values fell over a broad range, with the highest values being approximately 3·5 × the lowest values (equivalent to 50–160 molecules of C3d per cell). RBC‐C3d did not correlate with sex or age (over 18–65 years); indirect evidence suggests that values for the paediatric age group will fall in the same normal range. Studies on samples obtained weekly for 10–12 weeks from six adult males and six adult females indicated stable levels of RBC‐C3d for individual subjects; i.e. high normals, mid normals and low normals remained in their characteristic range levels over the period of observation. For comparison, RBC‐C3d was measured in samples from 313 randomly selected hospitalized adult patients. 33% of the values were above the normal range; 8% were elevated to a level likely to have been detectable by a direct anti‐C3d antiglobulin test. The great majority of elevated values occurred in patients not ordinarily considered to have autoimmune conditions. The results provide background for studies of the aetiology and significance of RBC‐C3d in health and disease.

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Assessment of Complement Binding by Anti‐D and Anti‐M Antibodies Employing Labelled Antiglobulin Antibodies

Cited by 19 publications

References 13 publications

Chronic Cold Haemagglutinin Disease Due to an Anti-M-Like Autoantibody

Chronic Cold Haemagglutinin Disease Due to an Anti-M-Like Autoantibody

Anti-M: Report of two cases and review of literature

Quantitation of Red Blood Cell‐bound C3d in Normal Subjects and Random Hospitalized Patients

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