Assessment of climate change mitigation readiness in the Kingdom of Bahrain

Abstract

Purpose This study aims to assess readiness for climate change mitigation in the Kingdom of Bahrain. Design/methodology/approach Two stages were followed aiming at understanding the situation related to climate change mitigation in Bahrain and assessing the mitigation readiness. Baseline and mitigation scenarios for the period 2019–2040 were developed using the Low Emissions Analysis Platform software based on historical emissions and energy data for the period 1990–2018. Using the analytic hierarchy process, the mitigation readiness was assessed by 13 experts, and priority areas for mitigation action were identified. Findings CO2e emissions are projected to grow continuously. However, no explicit climate change strategy is in place yet. Mitigation is tackled implicitly through energy efficiency and renewable energy initiatives. These initiatives can make 23% reduction in CO2e emissions by 2040. Adopting additional measures is needed to achieve the recently set emission reduction target of 30% by 2035. The findings revealed potential areas for improving mitigation efforts in Bahrain. Priority areas for mitigation actions, as identified by experts, were mainly related to policy and governance. Focus needs to be paid to the social aspect of climate change mitigation. Originality/value Literature on mitigation readiness in developing countries is sparse. Knowledge of the requirements for climate change mitigation and assessment of the country’s performance can prioritize areas for improving mitigation action. Several lessons can be learnt from the case of Bahrain. In addition, the adopted methodology can be applied to other developing or Arab countries at local or institutional levels. However, its application to specific sectors may require adjustments.

Exploring the relationship between economic diversification and energy-related CO2 emissions in a petroleum-producing country

“…Efforts to align economic activities and climate-related targets in the GCC countries involve "greening" existing industries, including energy and carbon-intensive industries such as the aluminum, cement and steel, as described in their updated nationally determined contributions reports. It is noteworthy that several constraints impede Bahrain's readiness for climate change mitigation, as suggested in the literature (Alsabbagh and Alnaser, 2023). An assessment based on 15 mitigation requirements revealed several weaknesses relating to climate change strategy, capacity building and stakeholders' awareness and education, indicating areas that require improvement to achieve carbon neutrality in Bahrain (Alsabbagh and Alnaser, 2023).…”

“…It is noteworthy that several constraints impede Bahrain's readiness for climate change mitigation, as suggested in the literature (Alsabbagh and Alnaser, 2023). An assessment based on 15 mitigation requirements revealed several weaknesses relating to climate change strategy, capacity building and stakeholders' awareness and education, indicating areas that require improvement to achieve carbon neutrality in Bahrain (Alsabbagh and Alnaser, 2023).…”

Implementing a Solar Panel System at King Hamad University Hospital: A Pathway to Sustainability and Cost Efficiency

“…By adopting the latest energyefficient technologies, following best practices in energy management, and learning from successful case studies, hospitals can achieve significant reductions in energy use, resulting in cost savings and a lower environmental impact. As healthcare facilities continue to evolve, integrating sustainability into their core operations will be key to their long-term success and contribution to a healthier planet [25,26]. Bahrain's proposed renewable energy pipeline consists of solar, wind, and waste to energy technologies, with plans to capture the majority of Bahrain's renewable energy mix from solar power.…”

“…Knowledge from worldwide best practices and leveraging international expertise can help Bahrain find the way to adopting solar energy solutions in healthcare, ensuring that these initiatives are together sustainable and costeffective. [30][31][32]…”

The performance of four domestic rooftop 7.8 kW − PV in the Kingdom of Bahrain: toward low building emission

“…CO 2 e emissions in Bahrain are projected to grow continuously, therefore, if mitigation is tackled implicitly through energy efficiency and renewable energy initiatives can make 23% reduction in CO 2 e emissions by 2040 [43]. Adopting additional measures is needed to achieve the recently set emission reduction target of 30% by 2035.…”