Assessment of both serum S-100B protein and neuropeptide-Y levels in childhood breath-holding spells

Çalık, Mustafa; Çiftçi, Ahmet Burak; Sarıkaya, Ş.; Kocatürk, Özcan; Abuhandan, Mahmut; Taşkın, Abdullah; Kandemır, Hasan; Yoldaş, Tahir Kurtuluş; Aksoy, Nurten

doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2015.04.039

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 50 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…2,6 Although spells usually resolve spontaneously, severe BHS can be very stressful for the parents. Although it has been suggested that frequent and lengthy BHS may cause hypoxia and brain cells injury, 7 a recent magnetic resonance spectroscopy study suggests that there is no permanent neuronal damage in patients with BHS. 8 The exact mechanism of BHS is not fully understood and most probably multifactorial.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness Oral Theophylline, Piracetam, and Iron Treatments in Children With Simple Breath-Holding Spells

Dai

Demiryürek

2019

J Child Neurol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Breath-holding spells (BHS) are common nonepileptic paroxysmal events in children. This is a retrospective study to compare the effectiveness of oral theophylline, piracetam, and iron treatments in children with simple BHS. A total of 146 children (75 girls and 71 boys) with simple BHS were included to this retrospective study. Children were divided into 4 groups: nontreated (no anemia and no treatment), oral theophylline (10 mg/kg/d as a single daily dose), piracetam (40 mg/kg/d in 2 divided doses), and elementary iron (3 mg/kg/d as a single daily dose) treatments. Iron therapy had been given only in children with iron deficiency anemia. Neurologic, cardiologic, and biochemical evaluations were performed for all children. The majority of the patients had cyanotic spells (83.6%). The frequency of attacks/month was markedly decreased with iron (58.8%) and theophylline (82.9%) treatments, but not with piracetam therapy (8.8%) and nontreated group (4.7%). Satisfaction of the parents/caregivers was found to be high in the theophylline group ( P < .001). Our results showed that theophylline was the most effective therapy to decrease the frequency of simple BHS in children.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness Oral Theophylline, Piracetam, and Iron Treatments in Children With Simple Breath-Holding Spells

Dai

Demiryürek

2019

J Child Neurol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There were different results among the studies because most of our cases were not exposed to severe hypoxia. In our recently published study, we found increased serum S-100B protein levels reflecting neuronal damage in patients with breath-holding spells 34. However, we now consider that those previous results may be due to reversible neuronal metabolic dysfunction rather than permanent neuronal damage in breath-holding spells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 47%

Brain metabolite values in children with breath-holding spells

Çalık¹,

Dokumaci²,

Sarıkaya³

et al. 2017

NDT

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Breath-holding spells are benign, paroxysmal events with apnea and postural tone changes after a crying episode in infants. The objective of this study was to investigate the pathologies in brain metabolite values in the absence of seizure in children with breath-holding spells by using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Brain MRS examination was performed on 18 children with breath-holding spells and 13 neurologically normal children who were included as the control group. There was no significant difference in terms of N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), choline (Cho), creatine (Cr), and myoinositol (mI) levels and also in terms of NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr, and mI/Cr ratios between the patients and the control group (all P>0.05). Our study suggested that there is no permanent neuronal damage in patients with breath-holding spells. This result confirms the previous studies, which reported no permanent neuronal damage in patients with breath-holding spells.

show abstract

“…Fp1, T3, C3, 01, Cz, Fp2, T4, C4, 02, EEG electrodes; EOG, electrooculography; EMG1, left deltoid muscle surface electromyography; EMG4, right deltoid muscle surface electromyography; PNG, respiratory movements; ECG, electrocardiography. group, 7 without evidence of a clinical meaning of this finding. Future studies would be required to clarify this point.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…However, an increased predisposition for syncopal attacks and concentration problems were also reported 6 . In a single article, not confirmed by other studies, some authors reported a slight increase in the plasma level of S‐100B protein (related in other studies to brain injury) in a group of BHA patients in comparison with a control group, 7 without evidence of a clinical meaning of this finding. Future studies would be required to clarify this point.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Ictal video‐electroencephalogram of breath‐holding attack

Dilena,

Biffi,

Mauri

et al. 2023

J Paediatrics Child Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Breath-holding attacks (BHAs) are non-epileptic paroxysmal events that affect 0.1% to 4.6% of infants from 6 months to 5 years of age. 1 Their frequency peaks at about 2 years of age and reduces by 5 years. The detailed description of the event is the key point for the diagnosis: the child typically emits a short loud cry, followed by breath holding, cyanosis, rigidity or limpness and transient loss of consciousness for a few seconds. Then, an inspiration marks the resolution of the spell. 1 The BHA are considered rare before 6 months of age, although they have been reported in the neonatal age. 2 BHA might be a frightening experience for parents, but its course is known to be benign. 1 Some patients have severe and frequent BHA up to five times per day, so their management can be complicated, especially when occurring under 6 months of age. Electroencephalogram (EEG) is used in specific cases to exclude tonic epileptic seizures. 3 Case HistorySince the age of 1 month and half an infant presented, usually during crying, episodes of apnea with cyanosis, and hypertonia, sometimes followed by hypotonia, pallor, loss of consciousness and finally sleep. For this reason, at 2 months of life, he was admitted to the hospital where physical, neurologic and cardiologic examination, brain ultrasound, standard EEG, blood cell count, serum ferritin level and electrocardiogram (ECG) showed no abnormalities. The infant was discharged with a diagnosis of BHA and a cardiorespiratory monitor was suggested.His medical history was remarkable for obstructive apnea due to gastroesophageal reflux disease and mild congenital laryngomalacia. His mother's history was unremarkable, except for exposure to a stressful event during pregnancy since, at 20 weeks of gestational age, fetal ultrasound showed shortness of long bones, suggesting a possible congenital disease. This event increased the anxious state of the mother already greatly upset by COVID-19 pandemic issues. However, the suspicion of congenital disease was ruled out.After discharge from the hospital, these episodes increased in intensity and frequency up to five times per day becoming so alarming that the patient was admitted to the Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and Ambu bag ventilation was used during the episodes. The mother was frightened, fearing for the infant's life, so her capacity to console him was reduced. A long-term video EEG (vEEG) (Video S1) was performed, recording a typical event and demonstrating the non-epileptic nature of the paroxysmal event.After vEEG, resuscitation procedures with Ambu bag were stopped during the episodes and reassurance and psychological support was offered to the parents. In the following days, episodes decreased to 2 per day. Iron supplementation and piracetam 40 mg/kg divided in two daily doses was prescribed and in the following weeks the situation further improved. At 8 months of age he presented a normal development, BHA are still present although with minor manifestations, that the family has learned to manage.

show abstract

Assessment of both serum S-100B protein and neuropeptide-Y levels in childhood breath-holding spells

Cited by 7 publications

References 50 publications

Effectiveness Oral Theophylline, Piracetam, and Iron Treatments in Children With Simple Breath-Holding Spells

Effectiveness Oral Theophylline, Piracetam, and Iron Treatments in Children With Simple Breath-Holding Spells

Brain metabolite values in children with breath-holding spells

Ictal video‐electroencephalogram of breath‐holding attack

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About