Assessment of bifidobacteria as indicators of human fecal pollution

Resnick, I G; Levin, M. A.

doi:10.1128/aem.42.3.433-438.1981

Cited by 82 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The importance of lactic acid bacteria in the ecological niche of the GIT is well established. An imbalance in the normal flora is directly linked with a disease condition, wherein lactobacilli and bifidobacterium are particularly used as important indicators of health (Resnick and Levin 1981;Walter 2008). Many strains of lactobacilli are being used as a starter culture in dairy and fermentation industries and also used as a supplement in food products for improving human health (Tannock et al 1999;Doron Typhi in the absence of lactobacilli is denoted as control.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The expression of adhesin EF-Tu in response to mucin and its role in Lactobacillus adhesion and competitive inhibition of enteropathogens to mucin

Dhanani

Bagchi

2013

J Appl Microbiol

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Aims: To analyse the expression of EF-Tu in Lactobacillus strains with response to mucin exposure and its role in interfering with adhesion of enteropathogens to mucin. Methods and Results: The Lactobacillus strains were analysed for their ability to adhere to immobilized mucin in microtiter plates. Lactobacillus delbrueckii M and Lactobacillus plantarum CS24Á2 showed statistically significant adhesion to mucin, which was similar to Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, the best binding probiotic strain. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, Lact. delbrueckii M, Lact. plantarum CS23 and Lact. plantarum CS24Á2 were able to effectively antagonize the adhesion of Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi to mucin. In the presence of Lactobacillus adhesin -EF-Tu, the adhesion of Lact. delbrueckii M and the strains of Lact. plantarum to mucin was significantly inhibited. Similarly, EF-Tu also reduced the adhesion of enteropathogens to mucin. Furthermore, the relative fold change in gene expression analysis showed significant up-regulation of EF-Tu gene in the strains of Lact. plantarum and Lact. delbrueckii M when exposed to mucin for 3 h. Conclusions: The study shows the significant role of EF-Tu in lactobacilli adhesion and enteropathogens inhibition. Significance and Impact of the Study: The study suggests EF-Tu as an important factor linked to the Lactobacillus adhesion as well as enteropathogen inhibition. Lactobacillus plantarum CS23 and Lact. plantarum CS24Á2 can be used as potential probiotic strains.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The expression of adhesin EF-Tu in response to mucin and its role in Lactobacillus adhesion and competitive inhibition of enteropathogens to mucin

Dhanani

Bagchi

2013

J Appl Microbiol

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“…Bifidobacteria have been predominantly isolated from human and animal feces and as such have been used as a marker for the fecal pollution of water [12]. Because bifidobacteria are part of complex bacterial communities their enumeration is difficult.…”

Section: Detection Of Bifidobacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Lessons from the genomes of bifidobacteria

Klijn

Mercenier

Arigoni

2005

FEMS Microbiology Reviews

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The gut microbiota is a complex ecosystem composed of hundreds of different bacterial species that altogether play an important role in the physiology of their host. In the past few years the complete genome sequence of a number of bacterial strains isolated from the human gastrointestinal tract has been established including that of Bifidobacterium longum NCC2705 isolated from the feces of a healthy infant. Bifidobacteria are among the first species to colonise the human gastrointestinal tract and as such are believed to play an important role in gut homeostasis and normal development. The genome sequence of NCC2705 has revealed a number of features that suggest how this bacterium has adapted to its environment and that could help understanding how it interacts with its host. Here, we review general features of bifidobacteria and illustrate how genome-based approaches can help us better understand the biology of these organisms.

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“…Bifidobacteria are obligate anaerobes, and thus could not grow in most extraenteral environments. In addition, they are always found in the human gut, quite often in higher densities than E. coli, and yet are seldom found in other animals (Resnick and Levin, 1981). With the advent of the YN-6 medium (Resnick and Levin, 1981), bifidobacteria would seem to be an excellent candidate for fecal indicator in tropical source waters.…”

Section: Alternative Indicators For Tropical Watersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, they are always found in the human gut, quite often in higher densities than E. coli, and yet are seldom found in other animals (Resnick and Levin, 1981). With the advent of the YN-6 medium (Resnick and Levin, 1981), bifidobacteria would seem to be an excellent candidate for fecal indicator in tropical source waters. Carrillo et al (1985) showed that Bifidobacterium adolescentis decreased one order of magnitude each day during in situ exposure in a tropical rain forest stream in Puerto Rico.…”

Section: Alternative Indicators For Tropical Watersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fecal coliforms as indicators in tropical waters: A review

Hazen¹

1988

Environ. Toxicol. Water Qual.

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Nowhere is the importance of accurate determination of recent human fecal contamination greater than in the tropics. The diversity of waterborne diseases and their severity is greatest in tropical environments. Since most of the countries in tropical climates are underdeveloped, with large populations that are undernourished, ill‐housed, with poor medical services, waterborne diseases may have a much greater effect on public health in the tropics than in temperate areas. Universally, tropical areas accept water maximum contaminant levels developed by temperate nations, despite the obvious differences in tropical climates. High densities of total and fecal coliform bacteria have been detected in pristine streams and in groundwater samples collected from many tropical parts of the world, even in epiphytic vegetation 10 m above ground in the rain forest of Puerto Rico. Nucleic acid (DNA) analyses of Escherichia coli from pristine tropical environs has indicated that they are identical to clinical isolates of E. coli. Many tropical source waters have been shown to have enteric pathogens in the complete absence of coliforms. Diffusion chamber studies with E. coli at several tropical sites reveal that this bacterium can survive indefinitely in most freshwaters in Puerto Rico. An evaluation of methods for the enumeration of fecal coliforms showed that currently used media have poor reliability as a result of large numbers of false positive and false negative results when applied to tropical water samples. Total and fecal coliform bacteria are not reliable indicators of recent biological contamination of waters in tropical areas. Fecal streptococci and coliphages in tropical waters violate the same underlying assumptions of indicator assays as the coliforms. Anaerobic bacteria like Bifidobacterium spp. and Clostridium perfringens show some promise in terms of survival, but not in ease of enumeration and media specificity. The best course at present lies in using current techniques for direct enumeration of pathogens by fluorescent staining and nucleic acid analysis, and developing tropical maximum contaminant levels for certain resistant pathogens in tropical waters.

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Assessment of bifidobacteria as indicators of human fecal pollution

Cited by 82 publications

References 11 publications

The expression of adhesin EF-Tu in response to mucin and its role in Lactobacillus adhesion and competitive inhibition of enteropathogens to mucin

The expression of adhesin EF-Tu in response to mucin and its role in Lactobacillus adhesion and competitive inhibition of enteropathogens to mucin

Lessons from the genomes of bifidobacteria

Fecal coliforms as indicators in tropical waters: A review

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