Assessment of anticytotoxic effect of lichen Cladonia foliacae extract on Allium cepa root tips

Abstract

The aim of this study is to investigate the protective effect of lichen Cladonia foliacae (Huds.) (CF) on hydrogen peroxide (HO)-induced toxicity through cell death, chromosome aberrations, mitotic index, oxidative stress parameters, and DNA damage in a Allium cepa root meristematic cells. Any chemical was not given for control group. Two doses of HO (3 and 7%) were given to the roots for 1 h and the root tips were treated with CF water extract (50 and 100 μL) with increasing times for treatment groups. The roots were taken from control and treatment groups, and mitotic index, cell death, and chromosome aberrations were performed by light microscope. Changing antioxidant capacity of roots was revealed by FRAP and TEAC assay. Also, DNA damage was measured by comet assay and RAPD-PCR technique. Chromosome aberration values were obtained with increasing concentrations with longer treatment times, such as chromosome bridge, vagrant, and polyploidy in both groups. Increasing exposure doses of HO caused decreasing mitotic index values at 72 h. TEAC and FRAP assay demonstrated that roots' capacity of antioxidant was altered by increasing concentrations of HO. The tail DNA% and tail length significantly increased in all exposure times when compared to control group. Three and seven percent of HO caused the genotoxic effect on genetic material at 72 h according to RAPD-PCR technique. Increasing the doses of HO resulted in increased toxicity to all studied parameters of A. cepa, but CF extract altered all changing parameters of A. cepa root cell. The HO tested in this study have cytotoxic and mutagenic potential, but extract of CF was protective against HO caused toxicological changes. But, it did not protect completely in the A. cepa root meristematic cells.

The amount of lichen secondary metabolites in Cladonia foliacea (Cladoniaceae, lichenised Ascomycota)

“…Various effects of these LSMs are investigated in detail analysing extracts of this species (e.g., Anar et al 2013, Aslan et al 2006, Emsen et al 2012, Khadri et al 2019, Koparal 2015, Kosanić et al 2018, Mitrović et al 2011, Pandir et al 2018, Yilmaz et al 2004.…”

Toxicity assessment of zinc sulfate: A commonly used compound

“…Allium cepa L. has various advantages such as sensitivity to chemicals, having few chromosomes and large sized chromosomes, and inexpensiveness to assay. A. cepa L.'s mitotic phases, where chromosomal damage and errors can be seen during cell division, can be clearly evaluated (Alotaibi and Barnawi, 2018;Fiskesjö , 1985;Kumari et al, 2009;Levan, 1938;Pandır et al, 2018;Papeš et al, 1989). The importance of A. cepa L. sensitivity to chemical substances is based on the fact that it has large and few number of metacentric chromosomes (Gupta et al, 2018).…”