Assessment of a Spiritually Integrated Divorce Support Group

The Low‐Scale Seesaw Solution to the MW$M_W$ and (g−2)μ$(g-2)_\umu$ Anomalies

“…The relation between these two quantities is such that $$$$\begin{equation} G_F \simeq G_\umu {\left(1+\dfrac{\widetilde{m}_N^2}{2\Lambda ^2}\right)} \,, \end{equation}$$$$and this implies a modification of the relation between the W boson mass and the experimental determination of $$G_\umu$$, $$$$\begin{align} M_W\simeq M_Z\, \sqrt { \dfrac{1}{2}+ \sqrt { \dfrac{1}{4}- \dfrac{\pi \,\alpha _\text{em}}{\sqrt 2\,G_\umu \,M_Z^2\,{\left(1-\Delta r\right)}} {\left(1-\dfrac{\widetilde{m}_N^2}{2\Lambda ^2}\right)} } }\,, \nonumber\\ \end{align}$$$$in the on‐shell scheme, where the tree‐level formula for the sine of the Weinberg angle is promoted to the definition of the renormalised quantity: $$$$\begin{equation} \sin \theta _W\equiv 1-\dfrac{M_W^2}{M_Z^2}\,. \end{equation}$$$$Considering the following numerical values of the input parameters [ 49 ] …”

“…\end{equation}$$Moving to the case ii), the lightest heavy leptons can be both negatively charged or neutral. The present constraints from colliders, and particularly from the L3 experiment, only put a lower bound on the masses of the charged particles that is at $$\widehat{m}_{\psi ^-}\sim 100\ \text{GeV}$$, [ 49 ] weaker than the consistency limit in Equation (). The neutral particles fall in the category discussed above of the HNL and the same bounds apply also here: for the lightest masses allowed by the consistency condition, $$\widehat{m}_\psi ^0=500\ \text{GeV}$$, the corresponding constraints on the couplings of Z and W with a light lepton and a heavy neutral $$\widehat{\psi }^0$$ read …”

The µ–τ reflection symmetry of Majorana neutrinos *

“…The standard model (SM) of modern particle physics is composed of a unified theory of electromagnetic and weak interactions established in the 1960s [1][2][3] and quantum chromodynamics for strong interactions formulated in the 1970s [4][5][6]. This model has proved to be a huge success in the past five decades, as its consistency and predictive power have been tested extensively and accurately [7]. In particular, recent ATLAS [8] and CMS [9] measurements of the Higgs boson's couplings to the vector bosons (i.e.…”

“…Let us highlight the flavor puzzles from the following two perspectives. On the one hand, the SM does not lay a foundation for nonzero neutrino masses and significant lepton flavor mixing effects; on the other hand, all of the flavor parameters in the SM are theoretically undetermined and their values can only be extracted from a variety of high-energy and low-energy experiments [7]. Nevertheless, the SM has provided a canonical pathway for qualitatively unravelling the mysteries of flavor mixing and CP violation in the quark sector-the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) mechanism [11,12].…”

“…where g w denotes the coupling constant of weak interactions, and all the relevant fermion fields are in their mass eigenstates and have the left-handed chirality. The SM tells us that the 3 × 3 matrix V must be unitary and hence can be fully described in terms of four independent parameters, usually chosen as three Euler-like flavor mixing angles (denoted by ϑ 12 , ϑ 13 and ϑ 23 ) and one CP-violating phase (denoted by δ q ) as advocated by the Particle Data Group [7]:…”