Assessment and Validation of a Methodology for Measuring Anatomical Kinematics of Restrained Occupants During Motor Vehicle Collisions

Lessley, David; Shaw, Greg; Riley, Patrick O.; Forman, Jason; Crandall, Jeff R.

doi:10.4172/2155-6210.s1-002

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…Using the technique described in detail by Ref. (9), the position and orientation of the head, T1, T8, L2, L4, and pelvis were calculated at one millisecond intervals from the collected motion capture data from the tests. For each anatomical structure selected for measurement (e.g.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Methodology for Assessing Intrasegmental Kinematics of the Whole Human Spine during Impacts

Lessley

Shaw

Joseph

et al. 2014

IJAE

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Evaluating the biofidelity of spinal response in ATDs and computational models requires additional benchmarking data. The current study presents a kinematic analysis methodology for obtaining intrasegmental kinematics of the spine including elongation, compression, displacement, and anatomical rotations of the spine including flexion, lateral flexion, and rotation. The presented methodology divides the spine into five spine segments selected for detailed kinematic analysis which were specifically the following: head-to-T1, T1-to-T8, T8-to-L2, L2-to-L4, and L4-to-pelvis. The methodology provides a technique to more comprehensively describe the kinematics of the whole human spine than has been performed to date in the impact environment.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Methodology for Assessing Intrasegmental Kinematics of the Whole Human Spine during Impacts

Lessley

Shaw

Joseph

et al. 2014

IJAE

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“…Finally, the recorded trajectories of the attached target clusters were used to calculate the trajectories of the underlying skull, selected vertebrae, and pelvis using a coordinate transformation and the assumption of rigid body motion described in detail by Ref. (12).…”

Section: Overview Of Test Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using the collected four-marker cluster trajectories provided by the motion capture system during each test, the video data analysis methods described by Ref. (12) were used, first, to calculate transformation matrices describing the positions and orientations of each skeletal structure with respect to a laboratoryfixed reference frame throughout the impact event. However, it is often more advantageous for the positions and orientations to be described relative to a moving coordinate system such as the vehicle.…”

Section: Test Fixturementioning

confidence: 99%

Displacement Response of the Spine in Restrained PMHS during Frontal Impacts

Crandall

Lessley

Shaw

et al. 2014

IJAE

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Efforts to improve restraint design for occupant protection require a detailed knowledge of human kinematic response including that of the spine. This study presents the spinal displacement response of eight PMHS subjected to a simulated 40 km/h frontal collision. The eight PMHS that approximated 50th percentile stature and mass were restrained by a three-point belt. During the tests a motion capture system was used to obtain the 3D displacements of the head, T1, T8, L2, L4, and pelvis relative to the vehicle coordinate system. The results will be immediately useful for kinematic biofidelity assessments of both ATDs and computational models.

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“…Using the data from OSS and the Least-Squares Pose Estimator approach [28] the timehistory of the head orientation (head's local-to-global rotation matrix R), in the global coordinate frame, was determined. The data from OSS were treated as the ground truth due to the established high measurement accuracy of the system [29].…”

Section: Reference Orientation Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods of updating body orientation in crash scenarios based on body’s local angular rate

Toczyski

Kim

Kerrigan

2019

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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Accurate information about the body orientation is crucial when engineers and researchers try to describe the three-dimensional (3D) kinematics of that body in a precise manner. Various analytical methods were developed to calculate the body orientation from the body’s measured angular rate. All of those algorithms are based on the same underlying physics. Even though they solve the same governing motion equations, they each take a slightly different approach, both analytically and numerically. The objective of this study was to assess the accuracy of the various algorithms by comparing their predictions to reference kinematics data. For this study, the reference data comes from computer simulations as well as from dynamic crash-like experiments that incorporated 3D optical motion capture. Specifically, this study examines these algorithms to determine if they are actually different, which method produces results that are most similar to the reference data, and whether or not there are advantages or disadvantages to using one or the other for applications in crash testing analysis. Two methods, both utilizing an approach involving Euler parameters, were identified as the most accurate from the seven discussed. In addition, it was presented that characteristics of the angular velocity signal (its magnitude, period, etc) affect the magnitude of the error in the calculated orientation. Finally, it was shown that accuracy in the computed orientation is sensitive to the numerical integration algorithms used as part of the methods of obtaining body attitude.

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Assessment and Validation of a Methodology for Measuring Anatomical Kinematics of Restrained Occupants During Motor Vehicle Collisions

Cited by 10 publications

References 25 publications

A Methodology for Assessing Intrasegmental Kinematics of the Whole Human Spine during Impacts

A Methodology for Assessing Intrasegmental Kinematics of the Whole Human Spine during Impacts

Displacement Response of the Spine in Restrained PMHS during Frontal Impacts

Methods of updating body orientation in crash scenarios based on body’s local angular rate

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