Assessment and Accreditation in MAS

Face and Construct Validity of a Novel Virtual Reality–Based Bimanual Laparoscopic Force-Skills Trainer With Haptics Feedback

“…During this process, they demonstrate their overall surgical skills to the competent committee. 9 The main aim of revalidation is to ensure patient safety and to assess whether the skill sets of surgeons are up to date. However, in developing countries, there is no well-established regulatory body or mechanism to assess the skill sets of surgeons until they voluntarily undergo self-assessment tests through simulator training programs.…”

“…Because of inadequate training on critical bimanual force-based skills, surgeons and residents tend to apply excessive forces during tissue manipulation. 9 Statistics reveal that the majority of intraoperative errors in laparoscopic surgery are a result of excessive exertion of forces. 10-12 The prime factors leading to the excessive exertion of force are misperception of haptic properties of tissues because surgeons rely mainly on visual cues; inexperience, overconfidence, cognitive stress, operating room distractions and interruptions, and lack of force-skills training also contribute.…”