Assessing thermal risk in urban areas – an application for the urban agglomeration of Athens

Polydoros, Anastasios; Cartalis, Constantinos

doi:10.1080/17512549.2014.890536

Cited by 22 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Their study indicated that outdoor thermal comfort/discomfort can be modelled as a function of air temperature and RH, both being derived from surface temperatures which are retrieved from thermal bands of Landsat. Along with Mushore et al (2017b), some earlier studies (Cheng, Ng 2006, Widyasamratri et al 2013, Polydoros, Cartalis 2014 have shown that LST retrieved from remote sensing is highly correlated with air temperature, thereby enabling estimation of air temperature from space-borne remote sensing of surface temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Potential Influence of Urban Sprawl and Changing Land Surface Temperature on Outdoor Thermal Comfort in Lagos State, Nigeria

Obiefuna

Okolie

Nwilo

et al. 2021

Quaestiones Geographicae

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The continuous monitoring of the relationship between land surface temperature (LST) and land cover change is imperative for an inquiry into the potential impact of LST on human well-being, including urban outdoor thermal comfort in Lagos State, Nigeria. Using Landsat imagery, this study assessed land cover and LST changes from 1984 to 2019. Land cover was extracted, LST was determined from Landsat imageries and the land cover changes were linked to LST using the contribution index (CI). Afterwards, the universal thermal climate index (UTCI) was calculated to determine the heat stress levels. Findings confirm the presence of urban sprawl and new growth areas in previously rural Local Government Areas (LGAs) eastward, northward and westward of Lagos metropolis and in regions which lie on the fringe of the state's border with Ogun State. Also, a very strong link between high LST intensities and increasing concentration of urban areas in rapidly growing LGAs has been observed. This link further confirms the increased warming of the state, with an increase in mean LST of 2.16°C during 1984–2019. The UTCI which was used to gauge the influence of LST on outdoor thermal comfort ranged from moderate to strong heat stress levels. This study helps to strengthen the case for definite policies and actions which should be aimed at achieving moderate urban development through increased urban tree canopy/green infrastructure provision and carbon sequestration activities in urban design/landscape design, in Lagos State.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Potential Influence of Urban Sprawl and Changing Land Surface Temperature on Outdoor Thermal Comfort in Lagos State, Nigeria

Obiefuna

Okolie

Nwilo

et al. 2021

Quaestiones Geographicae

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“…The main advantages of remote sensing are the wide area coverage, the high spatial resolution compared to meteorological ground stations networks and the variety of temporal resolution that can be used depending on the research needs. Various studies have been conducted by utilizing LST data from thermal infrared sensors like AVHRR (Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer) [48][49][50][51], MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectral Radiometer) [29,42,[52][53][54][55], Landsat TM/ETM+/8 [56-60] and ASTER (Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer) [61,62]]. In [63] Benas et al analyzed the annual nighttime LST trends for 17 large cities of the Mediterranean for the period 2001-2012 and found increasing LST trends in the majority of cities and large variations in SUHI trends.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying the Trends in Land Surface Temperature and Surface Urban Heat Island Intensity in Mediterranean Cities in View of Smart Urbanization

2018

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Land Surface Temperature (LST) is a key parameter for the estimation of urban fluxes as well as for the assessment of the presence and strength of the surface urban heat island (SUHI). In an urban environment, LST depends on the way the city has been planned and developed over time. To this end, the estimation of LST needs adequate spatial and temporal data at the urban scale, especially with respect to land cover/land use. The present study is divided in two parts: at first, satellite data from MODIS-Terra 8-day product (MOD11A2) were used for the analysis of an eighteen-year time series (2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015)(2016)(2017) of the LST spatial and temporal distribution in five major cities of the Mediterranean during the summer months. LST trends were retrieved and assessed for their statistical significance. Secondly, LST values and trends for each city were examined in relation to land cover characteristics and patterns in order to define the contribution of urban development and planning on LST; this information is important for the drafting of smart urbanization policies and measures. Results revealed (a) positive LST trends in the urban areas especially during nighttime ranging from +0.412 • K in Marseille to +0.923 • K in Cairo and (b) the SUHI has intensified during the last eighteen years especially during daytime in European Mediterranean cities, such as Rome (+0.332 • K) and Barcelona (+0.307 • K).Surface urban heat island (SUHI), in particular, describes the land surface temperature (LST) differences between urban areas and their surroundings, and it is usually studied with the use of remote sensing data. The formation of SUHI can be mainly attributed to the increased absorption and trapping of solar radiation in urban areas associated with limited release of heat due to the low values of the thermal emission coefficients of manmade materials. Anthropogenic heat release from transport and the heating-cooling systems of the buildings further exacerbate the phenomenon [18][19][20]. Both UHI and SUHI can be detected throughout the year, but they are of particular public policy concern during the summer, because higher surface and air temperatures are associated with increases in electricity demand for air conditioning, air pollution, and heat stress-related mortality and illness [21][22][23][24][25]. Several SUHI studies have been performed in the Mediterranean area, most of them revealing that higher UHI intensities are found in the summer period [13,[26][27][28][29][30].Land surface temperature is a controlling factor for most of the physical, chemical and biological processes on the earth, and can be considered as a measure of climate change [31][32][33][34]. For the urban environment, LST is an important parameter for the monitoring of the energy exchange between the land surface and the atmosphere in terms of the sensible and latent heat fluxes [35][36][37][38] which are important when discussing the thermal effects of the cities on th...

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“…play in the thermal patterns of the city [22]. This requirement is particularly important if the link between SUHI intensity and air pollution is to be explored [23] or if satellite-derived LST is used to calculate energy parameters, such as the cooling degree days [24], or bioclimatic parameters, such as the thermal discomfort index [25,26].…”

Section: Cities' Overheating: the Case Of The Urban Heat Islandmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In urban environments, the commonly prevalent high temperatures, especially during the summer period, that produce the urban heat island effect also tend to worsen the comfort conditions of the city dwellers [26]. Human discomfort can be evaluated through a number of theoretical and empirical biometeorological indices usually requiring such input parameters as air temperature, wind speed, air humidity, etc.…”

Section: Cities' Overheating: the Case Of The Urban Heat Islandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Building Resilient Cities to Climate Change

Santamouris

Cartalis

2015

Future City Architecture for Optimal Living

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Several publications have been made regarding the state of the environment in cities, especially in light of new challenges such as climate change [1][2][3][4][5][6]. In particular the International Council for Local Environmental Initiatives (ICLEI) speaks about the urgent need to build resilient cities to natural hazards and prioritizes the development of resilience plans by local authorities, especially with respect to climate change and the associated impacts to local societies [3]. In the same wavelength, the Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change (IPCC) [5] refers to the increasing burden to local societies due to climate change and claims that the occurrence of extreme weather events, with the potential to affect cities, has not only increased since its latest assessment [4], but is also estimated to further increase in the following years. IPCC [5] also refers to the impacts of climate change to cities, mostly in terms of the increase of temperature, as well as of the occurrence of tropical days and heat waves. The European Environment Agency (EEA) in its publication on the impacts of climate change [6] also refers to the impact of climate change in the European continent and combines the increase of heat waves in Europe and the spatial and temporal enhancement of thermal heat islands in several European cities, to the urbanization trend in Europe (80 % of the population is expected to live in cities by 2020), and to the vulnerability of the population, especially elderly people.

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Assessing thermal risk in urban areas – an application for the urban agglomeration of Athens

Cited by 22 publications

References 16 publications

Potential Influence of Urban Sprawl and Changing Land Surface Temperature on Outdoor Thermal Comfort in Lagos State, Nigeria

Potential Influence of Urban Sprawl and Changing Land Surface Temperature on Outdoor Thermal Comfort in Lagos State, Nigeria

Quantifying the Trends in Land Surface Temperature and Surface Urban Heat Island Intensity in Mediterranean Cities in View of Smart Urbanization

Building Resilient Cities to Climate Change

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