Assessing the Suitability of Sewage-Sludge Produced in Kolkata, India for their Agricultural Use

Saha, Sushanta; Saha, Biplab K.; Hazra, Gora Chand; Pati, Sajal; Pal, Biplab; Kundu, Dipa; Bag, Animesh Ghosh; Chatterjee, N. C.; Batabyal, Kaushik

doi:10.16943/ptinsa/2018/49410

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(49 reference statements)

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“…The total N, P and K content had a range of 0.47 -1.28%, 0.21-3.28% and 0.10 -0.27% respectively (Table 3). The N, P and K mean concentrations obtained in this study were lower than 3.02%, 2.06% and 1.59% respectively obtained frow sewage sludge in Kolkata, India [39]. The mean concentrations N was within acceptable specific requirements of less than 1% N for organic manures in Kenya [35].…”

Section: Macronutrients Concentration In Sewage Sludgementioning

confidence: 67%

Heavy Metals and Macronutrients Concentrations in Sewage Sludge Obtained from Decentralized Treatment Facility, Machakos Town, Kenya

Nzeve¹,

Ikubano²

2021

JHER

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With the increase of global population, wastewater treatment facilities face a major challenge of managing the large quantities of sewage sludge produced in urban areas. Due to this challenge many wastewater treatment plants have opted for use of sewage sludge as organic fertilizer to boost agricultural production. In Machakos Decentralized Treatment Facility (DFT), sewage sludge is usually sold to locals as fertilizer to boost crop production within the municipality. However, sewage sludge produced in municipal wastewater treatment plants is known to contain various heavy metals that may limit its usage as agricultural fertilizer. Studies have shown that sewage sludge has been associated with heavy metals which are linked to harmful effects on humans and environmental health. This study investigated the levels of various heavy metals and macronutrients from sewage sludge obtained from Machakos town wastewater treatment plant to test its suitability for use as fertilizer. Sewage sludge samples were obtained from the treatment plant at Mitheu and transported to Nairobi Agricultural Research Laboratory (NARL) for analysis of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Mn, and Fe) and macronutrients (N, P, Ca, Mg and K). The results for the heavy metals were Zn=171.13±237mg/kg; Fe=17,877±15,700mg/kg; Mn=445.67±213mg/kg and Cu=41.1±16.71mg/kg) while the macronutrients were K=0.17±0.09%, P=1.26±1.75%, N=0.74±0.47%, Ca=0.48±0.72% and Mg=0.10±0.06%. The heavy metal concentrations were below Kenya Bureau of Standards (KEBS) and international permissible limits for sewage sludge application in agriculture and therefore deemed safe. The study concluded that the sewage sludge from Machakos Decentralized Treatment Facility is rich in nutrients and thus a potential fertilizing agent that can be used to boost plant growth in agricultural farms. However, it was noted that not all the wastewater produced in Machakos town gets into the DFT for treatment. Therefore, the study recommended that the county government of Machakos should endeavor to enlarge the small DFT treatment plant to accommodate the large quantities of wastewater generated within the town.

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Section: Macronutrients Concentration In Sewage Sludgementioning

confidence: 67%

Heavy Metals and Macronutrients Concentrations in Sewage Sludge Obtained from Decentralized Treatment Facility, Machakos Town, Kenya

Nzeve¹,

Ikubano²

2021

JHER

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“…Along with that, excessive use of chemical salts to provide nutrition is the other source of toxic compounds. Some organic sources of crop nutrition, such as sewage and sludge and night soil, are also reported to contain a high amount of heavy metals (Walia and Goyal, 2010;Saha et al, 2018), causing adverse effects on soil health. The reason for the increasing contribution of agrochemicals to soil chemical degradation is their unregulated and uncontrolled use (Bhardwaj and Sharma, 2013) and lack of proper knowledge and awareness on the use of agrochemicals.…”

Section: Accumulation Of Toxic Compound (Agrochemicals)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil Health and Its Improvement Through Novel Agronomic and Innovative Approaches

Shahane

Shivay

2021

Front. Agron.

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Soil is an important natural resource providing water, nutrient, and mechanical support for plant growth. In agroecosystem, continuous manipulation of soil is going on due to addition of input, removal of nutrients, changing water balance, and microbial life. These processes affect soil properties (physical, chemical, and biological), and the deviation of these properties from the normal status is controlled by soil buffering capacity and soil resilience. If these changes are beyond the reach of soil resilience, then soil loses its original state, leading to soil degradation. At present, the extent of the degraded area in the world is 1,036 to 1,470 million ha. This urges the need for maintaining soil health rather than the mere addition of input for crop production. Soil health is an integrative property that reflects the capacity of soil to respond to agricultural intervention, so that it continues to support both agricultural production and the provision of other ecosystem services. Maintaining the physical, chemical, and biological properties of soil is needed to keep it healthy, and this is possible through the adoption of different agronomic approaches. The diversification of nutrient sources with emphasis on organic sources, adoption of principles of conservation agriculture, enhancement of soil microbial diversity, efficient resource recycling through the integrated farming system, and amendment addition for correcting soil reactions are potential options for improving soil health, and are discussed in this review. This article reviewed the concept of soil health and its development, issues related to soil health, and indicators of healthy soil. At the same time, the impact of the ill health of the soil on crop productivity and resource use efficiency reported in different parts of the world in recent years are also reviewed. The agro-techniques such as green and brown manuring in arable land and agroforestry on degraded and marginal land were followed on piece meal basis and for economic gain. The potential of these and several other options for maintaining soil need to be recognized, evaluated, and quantified for their wider application on the front of soil health management avenues. The use of crop residue, agro-industrial waste, and untreated mineral or industrial waste (basic slag, phosphogypsum, etc.) as soil amendments has a huge potential in maintaining healthy soil along with serving as sources of crop nutrition. The review emphasizes the evaluation and quantification of present-day followed agro-techniques for their contribution to soil health improvement across agro-climatic regions and for wider implications. Furthermore, emphasis is given to innovative approaches for soil health management rather than mere application of manures and fertilizers for crop nutrition.

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“…with an equivalent amount of sludge per day generated in India (Saha et al, 2018). It is a mixture of water, inorganic and organic materials removed from wastewater releases from various sources such as domestic and industrial sewage, stormwater, runoff from roads and other paved areas, through physical, biological, and chemical treatments (Jatav et al, 2018b;Wang et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility of sewage sludge application in rice-wheat cropping system

Jatav¹,

Singh²,

Jatav³

et al. 2021

Eurasian Journal of Soil Science (Ejss)

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Article InfoA field experiment was conducted to find out the effect of the conjoint application of sewage sludge (SS) and fertilizers on the yield of rice-wheat cropping system using a randomized block design. The grain yield ranged between 24.99 ± 4.24 to 66.32 ± 2.58 q ha -1 and 22.50 ± 0.55 to 50.37 ± 1.07 q ha -1 in I st year grown rice and wheat, respectively. Among all the treatments, T3 (100% recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) + 30 t ha -1 SS) recorded a significantly highest grain yield of rice crop (66.32 and 63.37 q ha -1 ) and wheat crop (50.37 and 46.91 q ha -1 ) during 2015-16 and 2016-17 years, respectively. The straw yield in I st rice and I st wheat ranged between 55.11 to 81.22 q ha -1 and 35.86 to 56.62 q ha -1 , whereas straw yield in II nd rice and II nd wheat were noticed between 48.42 to 79.31 q ha -1 and 30.45 to 52.32 q ha -1 , respectively. The finding clearly shows that the application of SS significantly enhances the yield of rice-wheat crops, and could be an option to a sustainable use of SS. However, the precautionary measure should be followed before use. In addition, the application of SS also indicates the improvement in soil health and sustainability.

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Assessing the Suitability of Sewage-Sludge Produced in Kolkata, India for their Agricultural Use

Cited by 9 publications

References 29 publications

Heavy Metals and Macronutrients Concentrations in Sewage Sludge Obtained from Decentralized Treatment Facility, Machakos Town, Kenya

Heavy Metals and Macronutrients Concentrations in Sewage Sludge Obtained from Decentralized Treatment Facility, Machakos Town, Kenya

Soil Health and Its Improvement Through Novel Agronomic and Innovative Approaches

Feasibility of sewage sludge application in rice-wheat cropping system

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