Assessing the Role of Climate Change in Malaria Transmission in Africa

Ngarakana-Gwasira, Ethel T.; Bhunu, C. P.; Masocha, Mhosisi; Mashonjowa, Emmanuel

doi:10.1155/2016/7104291

Cited by 49 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…In most parts of Ethiopia, the main malaria transmission season is from September to December, following the rainiest season from June to September [1]. Variability of rainfall and temperature in each season affects the availability of breeding habitats for mosquito vectors, the length of mosquito larvae development, and the rate of growth of the malaria parasites inside the vector [20,31]. Similarly, there was a second peak in malaria case during summer (June to August).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A five year trend analysis of malaria prevalence in Guba district, Benishangul-Gumuz Regional State, western Ethiopia: A retrospective study

Alkadir

Gelana

Gebresilassie³

2020

Preprint

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Background: In Ethiopia, malaria is a serious public health concern and has great impact on socio-economy. The trend analysis of malaria data from health facilities is useful for understanding its transmission dynamics and implementing evidence-based malaria control strategies. The aim of this study was to determine the trends of malaria infection in Guba district, western Ethiopia. Methods: A retrospective study was undertaken at Mankush Health Centre, western Ethiopia. All malaria cases reported from 2014 to 2018 were carefully reviewed from the laboratory record books to determine the trends of malaria morbidity. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Results: In total, 16,964 malaria suspects were diagnosed using microscopy over the last 5 years, of which 8,658 (51.04%) were confirmed positive cases. Plasmodium falciparum , P. vivax , and mixed infection (both species) accounted for 75.2%, 24.5% and 0.28% of the cases, respectively. Males patients were more affected (n=5,028, 58.1%) than female ones (n=3,630, 41.9%). Of the total confirmed cases, 60.4% were age group of subjects (≥ 15 years) followed by 22.6% of 5-14 years and 15.9% of under 5 years. High malaria prevalence was observed in spring (September to November) season, while the least was observed in autumn (March to May) with the prevalence of 45.6% and 11.5%, respectively. Conclusions: The study demonstrated that malaria is a public health concern, in which P. falciparum is the predominant species followed by P . vivax . Therefore, the district health bureau and other concerned stakeholders should strength evidence-based malaria control and prevention interventions to interrupt disease transmission and eventual reduction malaria of malaria cases in Guba district. Key words : Ethiopia, Guba, malaria, prevalence, retrospective

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A five year trend analysis of malaria prevalence in Guba district, Benishangul-Gumuz Regional State, western Ethiopia: A retrospective study

Alkadir

Gelana

Gebresilassie³

2020

Preprint

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“…A possible reason for the relatively higher contribution of the AFRO region is the strong research collaboration between certain African countries and the USA and the UK. Climate change in the AFRO region increased the number of people in Africa who are at risk of malaria [111,112]. The increase in the number of mosquitoes increased the opportunity for both Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax parasites to proliferate and place more people at risk of contracting malaria [113,114].…”

Section: Key Players In Health-and Infection-related Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bibliometric analysis of peer-reviewed literature on climate change and human health with an emphasis on infectious diseases

Sweileh

2020

Global Health

110

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Background: Assessing research activity is important for planning future protective and adaptive policies. The objective of the current study was to assess research activity on climate change and health with an emphasis on infectious diseases.Method: A bibliometric method was applied using SciVerse Scopus. Documents on climate change and human health were called "health-related literature" while documents on climate change and infectious diseases were called "infection-related literature". The study period was from 1980 to 2019. Results: The search query found 4247 documents in the health-related literature and 1207 in the infection-related literature. The growth of publications showed a steep increase after 2007. There were four research themes in the health-related literature: (1) climate change and infectious diseases; (2) climate change, public health and food security; (3) heat waves, mortality, and non-communicable diseases; and (4) climate change, air pollution, allergy, and respiratory health. The most frequently encountered pathogens/infectious diseases in the infection-related literature were malaria and dengue. Documents in infection-related literature had a higher h-index than documents in the health-related literature. The top-cited documents in the health-related literature focused on food security, public health, and infectious diseases while those in infection-related literature focused on water-, vector-, and mosquito-borne diseases. The European region had the highest contribution in health-related literature (n = 1626; 38.3%) and infection-related literature (n = 497; 41.2%). The USA led with 1235 (29.1%) documents in health-related literature and 365 (30.2%) documents in infection-related literature. The Australian National University ranked first in the health-related literature while the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine ranked first in the infectionrelated literature. International research collaboration was inadequate. Documents published in the Environmental Health Perspectives journal received the highest citations per document. A total of 1416 (33.3%) documents in the health-related literature were funded while 419 (34.7%) documents in the infection-related literature were funded. (Continued on next page)Conclusion: Research on climate change and human health is on the rise with research on infection-related issues making a good share. International research collaboration should be funded and supported. Future research needs to focus on the impact of climate change on psychosocial, mental, innovations, policies, and preparedness of health systems.

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“…The fundamental concept behind this emanated from the fact that a causal relationship exists among the climatic factors [3]. Some recent studies [4,5] combined meteorological variables together with malaria incidence data and established time series models for predicting malaria incidence. Regression and correlation analysis modelling was applied and using meteorological variables the trend of malaria incidence was determined [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a Predictive Analytics-Based Intelligent Malaria Outbreak Warning System

et al. 2017

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Malaria, as one of the most serious infectious diseases causing public health problems in the world, affects about two-thirds of the world population, with estimated resultant deaths close to a million annually. The effects of this disease are much more profound in third world countries, which have very limited medical resources. When an intense outbreak occurs, most of these countries cannot cope with the high number of patients due to the lack of medicine, equipment and hospital facilities. The prevention or reduction of the risk factor of this disease is very challenging, especially in third world countries, due to poverty and economic insatiability. Technology can offer alternative solutions by providing early detection mechanisms that help to control the spread of the disease and allow the management of treatment facilities in advance to ensure a more timely health service, which can save thousands of lives. In this study, we have deployed an intelligent malaria outbreak early warning system, which is a mobile application that predicts malaria outbreak based on climatic factors using machine learning algorithms. The system will help hospitals, healthcare providers, and health organizations take precautions in time and utilize their resources in case of emergency. To our best knowledge, the system developed in this paper is the first publicly available application. Since confounding effects of climatic factors have a greater influence on the incidence of malaria, we have also conducted extensive research on exploring a new ecosystem model for the assessment of hidden ecological factors and identified three confounding factors that significantly influence the malaria incidence. Additionally, we deploy a smart healthcare application; this paper also makes a significant contribution by identifying hidden ecological factors of malaria.

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Assessing the Role of Climate Change in Malaria Transmission in Africa

Cited by 49 publications

References 18 publications

A five year trend analysis of malaria prevalence in Guba district, Benishangul-Gumuz Regional State, western Ethiopia: A retrospective study

A five year trend analysis of malaria prevalence in Guba district, Benishangul-Gumuz Regional State, western Ethiopia: A retrospective study

Bibliometric analysis of peer-reviewed literature on climate change and human health with an emphasis on infectious diseases

Towards a Predictive Analytics-Based Intelligent Malaria Outbreak Warning System

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