A five year trend analysis of malaria prevalence in Guba district, Benishangul-Gumuz Regional State, western Ethiopia: A retrospective study

Abstract

Background: In Ethiopia, malaria is a serious public health concern and has great impact on socio-economy. The trend analysis of malaria data from health facilities is useful for understanding its transmission dynamics and implementing evidence-based malaria control strategies. The aim of this study was to determine the trends of malaria infection in Guba district, western Ethiopia. Methods: A retrospective study was undertaken at Mankush Health Centre, western Ethiopia. All malaria cases reported from 2014 to 2018 were carefully reviewed from the laboratory record books to determine the trends of malaria morbidity. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Results: In total, 16,964 malaria suspects were diagnosed using microscopy over the last 5 years, of which 8,658 (51.04%) were confirmed positive cases. Plasmodium falciparum , P. vivax , and mixed infection (both species) accounted for 75.2%, 24.5% and 0.28% of the cases, respectively. Males patients were more affected (n=5,028, 58.1%) than female ones (n=3,630, 41.9%). Of the total confirmed cases, 60.4% were age group of subjects (≥ 15 years) followed by 22.6% of 5-14 years and 15.9% of under 5 years. High malaria prevalence was observed in spring (September to November) season, while the least was observed in autumn (March to May) with the prevalence of 45.6% and 11.5%, respectively. Conclusions: The study demonstrated that malaria is a public health concern, in which P. falciparum is the predominant species followed by P . vivax . Therefore, the district health bureau and other concerned stakeholders should strength evidence-based malaria control and prevention interventions to interrupt disease transmission and eventual reduction malaria of malaria cases in Guba district. Key words : Ethiopia, Guba, malaria, prevalence, retrospective

Decreasing Trend of Plasmodium Falciparum and Vivax Transmission in Mojo Health Center, East Shoa Oromia Region, Ethiopia: a Retrospective Study

“…The present study had observed higher prevalence of malaria among age group of 15-24 years old than younger children and older adults which is in line with studies done in other parts of Ethiopia[6,11,25]. This might be due to the fact that productive age groups frequently engaged in outdoor activities.…”

“…In spite of that, the peak in malaria cases occurred in July followed by November which is harvesting season during and after the main rainfall. The highest cases of malaria were detected during autumn (September-November) which was in consistent with the ndings of the studies carried out in Dembia [6], Dembecha [17], Northwest Tigray [4], Ataye [25], Guba [11], Jimma [41], and Harari [20]. It might be due to the heavy rains creating suitable environment for the breading of Anopheles mosquitoes.…”

“…The current study found that the total number of microscopically con rmed malaria cases were 793 with a proportion rate of 4.2%. It was markedly lower than previous studies conducted out of Ethiopia elsewhere (25.9%-30.3%) [15,16], and in several parts of the country such as in Dembia (21.8%) [6], Dembecha (16.34%) [17], Guba (51.04%) [11], Sibu Sire (20.07%) [18], Arjo-Didessa sugar development site (33.4%) [19], Harari (46.9%) [20], Chalia district (7.55%) [21], Abeshge (33.8%) [22], and Bale Zone (66.7%) [23]. The overall prevalence of the current study was also relatively lower than the ndings from other parts of Ethiopia like Northwest Tigray (6.96%) [4], Wereta (5.4%) [24], Kombolcha (7.52%) [9], Ataye (8.4%) [25], Halaba (9.5%) [5], Wolkite (8.56%) [26] and Arsi Negelle (11.45%) [27].…”

“…Furthermore, Deribew and his colleagues have also documented the decrement of malaria new cases and deaths from 2.8 million to 621,345 cases, and 30,323.9 to 1561.7 deaths in 1990 and 2015, respectively [8]. A previous retrospective studies have also reported malaria reduction [9][10][11].…”

Decreasing malaria transmission in Mojo Health Center, Ethiopia: Shifting burden of the disease and its implication for malaria elimination

“…Furthermore, Deribew and his colleagues have also documented the decrement of malaria new cases and deaths from 2.8 million to 621,345 cases, and 30,323.9 to 1561.7 deaths in 1990 and 2015, respectively [12]. A previous retrospective studies have also reported malaria reduction [13][14][15]. However, the report on decline of malaria is not conclusive that public health emergency management (PHEM) has shown an increased malaria transmission [11], and have no clearly de ned situation of malaria [10].…”