Assessing the performance of water user associations in the Gash Irrigation Project, Sudan

Ngirazie, Lee A.; Bushara, Ageel I.; Knox, Jerry W.

doi:10.1080/02508060.2015.1072677

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The mean reliability of the 3YR system is about 54 %. This result is consistent with the qualitative assessment on the performance of the GDSIS by Ngirazie et al (2015), which showed that the irrigation water supply is reliable to 53 % of the farmers on average. When the annual target irrigated area is 50 000 ha (2YR), the mean reliability decreases to 18 %.…”

Section: Reliabilitysupporting

confidence: 80%

Performance assessment of the Gash Delta Spate Irrigation System, Sudan

et al. 2018

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Abstract. The Gash Delta Spate Irrigation System (GDSIS), located in eastern Sudan with a net command area of 100 000 ha (an area currently equipped with irrigation structures), was established in 1924. The land is irrigated every 3 years (3-year rotation) or every 2 years (2-year rotation) so that about 33 000 or 50 000 ha respectively can be cultivated annually. This study deals with assessing the performance of the 3-and 2-year rotation systems using the Monte Carlo simulation. Reliability, which is a measure of how frequently the irrigation water supply satisfies the demand, and vulnerability, which is a measure of the magnitude of failure, were selected as the performance criteria. Combinations of five levels of intake ratio and five levels of irrigation efficiency for the irrigation water supply of each rotation system were analysed. Historical annual flow data of the Gash River for 107 years were fit to several frequency distributions. The Weibull distribution was the best on the basis of the Akaike information criteria and was used for simulating the ensembles of annual river flow. The reliabilities and vulnerabilities of both rotation systems were evaluated at typical values of intake ratio and irrigation efficiency. The results show that (i) the 3-year rotation is more reliable in water supply than the 2-year rotation, (ii) the vulnerability of the 3-year rotation is lower than that of the 2-year rotation and (iii) therefore the 3-year rotation is preferable in the GDSIS. The sensitivities of reliability and vulnerability to changes in intake ratio and irrigation efficiency were also examined.

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Section: Reliabilitysupporting

confidence: 80%

Performance assessment of the Gash Delta Spate Irrigation System, Sudan

et al. 2018

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“…The lack of proper O&M propagates and exacerbates the adverse effects of an uncertain water supply. For example, maintaining field structures requires heavy equipment that is beyond the WUA's capacity (Ngirazie et al, ) and can only be provided in a limited number by scheme managers. Political and tribal interference give rise to inequitable access to equipment.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The GAS is the largest spate‐irrigated area located in east Sudan, and is considered as one of the development projects that contributes to rural development and population settlement (Abualgasim et al ., ). The GAS was selected as the main study area because it captures important hydro‐climatic and management‐related characteristics of a typical spate irrigation system, in addition to its importance for the local economy and livelihood of poor communities in east Sudan (Ngirazie et al, ).…”

Section: Brief Description Of the Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Propagation in Spate Irrigation Systems: A Case Study from Sudan

Fadul¹,

Fraiture

Masih

2018

Irrigation and Drainage

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Farmers in flood-based irrigation systems face great uncertainties with respect to water supply. Using the Source-Pathways-Receptor and Consequence (SPRC) framework, this paper explores the sources of risks, propagation pathways, risk perceptions and consequences for the farmers, water users' associations (WUAs) and water managers in the Gash Agricultural Scheme in Sudan. The main source of risk is the extreme variability of rainfall, causing unpredictable flows regarding volume, timing and duration. The farmers, WUAs and system managers perceive the risks from floods differently. The farmers are primarily concerned by low floods, while the WUAs are more disturbed by untimely floods. The system managers are most troubled by high and potentially destructive floods. The poor state of the infrastructure, lack of proper maintenance and suboptimal operation aggravate the consequences of unpredictable flows. Consequently, the result is low and highly variable crop production. Besides paying attention to infrastructure improvement and regular operation and maintenance activities, more efforts in institutional arrangements and policy support could play an important role in coping with the risks indicated. The SPRC appeared to be a useful framework for analysing risks at different spatial scales and for different stakeholders in the spate irrigation system studied. RÉSUMÉLes agriculteurs dans les systèmes d'irrigation basés sur les inondations font face à de grandes incertitudes en ce qui concerne l'approvisionnement en eau. Utilisant la méthode Source-Voies-Récepteurs et Conséquences (SPRC), cet article explore les sources de risques, les voies de propagation, les perceptions des risques et les conséquences pour les agriculteurs, les associations d'usagers de l'eau (AUE) et les gestionnaires de l'eau du système agricole du Gash, au Soudan. La principale source de risque est l'extrême variabilité de la pluviométrie, qui entraîne des flux imprévisibles en termes de volume, de calendrier et de durée. Les agriculteurs, les AUE et les gestionnaires de système perçoivent différemment les risques liés aux inondations. Les agriculteurs sont principalement préoccupés par les faibles inondations, tandis que les AUE sont plus perturbées par les inondations intempestives. Les gestionnaires de systèmes sont les plus troublés par des inondations élevées et potentiellement destructrices. Le mauvais état des infrastructures, le manque d'entretien et le fonctionnement sous-optimal aggravent les conséquences des flux imprévisibles et entrainent une production agricole faible et très variable. Outre l'attention portée à l'amélioration des infrastructures et aux activités régulières d'exploitation et de maintenance, des efforts supplémentaires en matière d'arrangements institutionnels et de soutien aux politiques pourraient jouer un rôle important dans la gestion des risques. Le SPRC est apparu comme un cadre utile pour analyser les risques à différentes échelles spatiales et pour différentes parties prenantes dans le système d'irrigation p...

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“…The Gash Agricultural Scheme (GAS) was selected as the main study area because it captures important hydro-climatic and management-related characteristics of a typical spate irrigation system, and provides an important value for the local economy and livelihood of poor communities in east Sudan (Ngirazie et al, 2015).…”

Section: Case Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The lack of proper O&M propagates and exacerbates the adverse effects of an uncertain water supply. For example, maintaining field structures requires heavy equipment that is beyond the WUA's capacity (Ngirazie et al, 2015) and can only be provided in a limited number by scheme managers. Political and tribal interference give rise to inequitable access to equipment.…”

Section: Pathways Linking Risks To Receptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies to Cope with Risks of Uncertain Water Supply in Spate Irrigation Systems

Bashir¹

2020

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Although all care is taken to ensure integrity and the quality of this publication and the information herein, no responsibility is assumed by the publishers, the author nor IHE Delft for any damage to the property or persons as a result of operation or use of this publication and/or the information contained herein.A pdf version of this work will be made available as Open Access via https://ihedelftrepository.contentdm.oclc.org. This version is licensed under the Creative Commons .0/Published by: CRC Press/Balkema

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Assessing the performance of water user associations in the Gash Irrigation Project, Sudan

Cited by 12 publications

References 7 publications

Performance assessment of the Gash Delta Spate Irrigation System, Sudan

Performance assessment of the Gash Delta Spate Irrigation System, Sudan

Risk Propagation in Spate Irrigation Systems: A Case Study from Sudan

Strategies to Cope with Risks of Uncertain Water Supply in Spate Irrigation Systems

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