Assessing the measurement invariance of the RCADS-25 questionnaire across gender and child–parent dyads in the presence of multilevel data

Bagheri, Zahra; Akbari, Mahsa; Jafari, Peyman; Huedo‐Medina, Tania B.

doi:10.1007/s11136-018-2049-3

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Although some violations of cross-gender measurement invariance were found, inspection of the effect of these violations showed that measurement bias had minimal impact on the constructs' means. Furthermore, consistent with previous studies (Bagheri et al, 2019;Esbjørn et al, 2012;Gormez et al, 2017;Klaufus et al, 2020), girls generally showed higher levels of RCADS anxiety and depression problems than boys.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…This is problematic, because certain groups of children seem to be at particular risk for reporting elevated levels of anxiety and depression symptoms. For example, adolescent girls commonly report more anxiety and depression symptoms compared to boys as assessed with the RCADS in the general population (Bagheri et al, 2019;Esbjørn et al, 2012;Klaufus et al, 2020). Similar gender differences are found when assessing internalizing problems with the RCADS in the clinical population (Gormez et al, 2017), as well as when using similar DSM-based questionnaires to assess self-reported internalizing mental health problems (Abad et al, 2002).…”

Section: Netherlandsmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Buil¹,

Kösters²,

Koot³

2022

Preprint

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Manuscript filesMeasurement and construct-level invariance of the Dutch Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale’s test scores (original version; RCADS) across gender and ethnic (minority) background of the four largest ethnic groups of children living in the Netherlands (i.e., native Dutch, 52% girls, SES = 0.41; Moroccan, 53% girls, SES = -1.66; Turkish, 49% girls, SES = -1.71; or Surinamese/Antillean 54% girls, SES = -1.65) was evaluated. Symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder, social phobia, separation anxiety disorder, panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder and major depressive disorder were rated by 2,679 mainstream elementary schoolchildren (M age = 10.61). Results from discrete multiple-group confirmatory factor analyses showed that factor means were generally insensitive to potential gender bias. However, moderate violations of measurement invariance between native Dutch and the three ethnic minority groups were found for social phobia, panic disorder and separation anxiety disorder symptoms. Latent mean difference tests indicated that girls had higher mean levels on all RCADS subscales compared to boys. Furthermore, with a few exceptions, children from ethnic minority groups reported higher levels of symptoms of panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder compared to native Dutch children. No level differences between the four ethnic groups were found for symptoms of social phobia, major depressive disorder and separation anxiety disorder. Scores derived from the RCADS are largely comparable between elementary school boys and girls, but for three out of six subscales caution is warranted when comparing mean level differences of native Dutch children with children of Turkish, Moroccan and Surinamese/Antillean ethnic backgrounds.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Netherlandsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Manuscript (PREPRINT)

Buil¹,

Kösters²,

Koot³

2022

Preprint

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“…The RCADS-47 has demonstrated good internal consistency, reliability, and construct validity (20,(119)(120)(121)(122).There is also some evidence of its sensitivity to change. While the RCADS-25 has been less widely validated, it has demonstrated high internal consistency for its self-and parent-reported anxiety subscale (Cronbach's α = 0.82 -0.95), depression subscale (α = .79 -.93), and total scale (α = .88 -.90), and satisfactory testretest reliability (r = .70 -.90) for the subscales and total scale in clinical and non-clinical samples (114,(123)(124)(125). Additional research is needed to examine its sensitivity to change, and structural validity (125).…”

Section: Fundingmentioning

confidence: 99%

International consensus on a standard set of outcome measures for child and youth anxiety, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder

Krause

Chung²,

Adewuya

et al. 2021

The Lancet Psychiatry

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KK, MW, and SC oversaw the study design. KK and SC led data acquisition through the literature reviews, Delphi surveys, and Open Review surveys, as well as data analysis and interpretation. KK takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of data analysis. All authors attended teleconferences, and all but the core project team (KK, MW, SC) completed anonymous votes and feedback surveys as part of the Delphi process and formed consensus on the final recommendation. KK drafted the manuscript with support from SC, and all co-authors critically reviewed the working draft and agreed to the revisions and final submission. Administrative, technical, and organisational support was provided by SC. Declaration of interests AMA receives royalties fromOxford University Press for the Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule (ADIS), Child and Parent Versions. PB is involved with the development across Australia of routine outcome measurement in public mental health. He chairs the National Mental Health Child and Adolescent Information Development Expert AdvisoryGroup. There is an interest in supporting routine outcome measurement and benchmarking between organisations.

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“…This is problematic because certain groups of children seem to be at particular risk for reporting elevated levels of anxiety and depression symptoms. For example, adolescent girls commonly report more anxiety and depression symptoms compared to boys as assessed with the RCADS, both in the general population and in clinical samples (Bagheri et al, 2019; Esbjørn et al, 2012; Gormez et al, 2017; Klaufus et al, 2020). In addition, differential levels of internalizing mental health problems have also been found for children from ethnic minority backgrounds when compared to the majority group of native children in various countries across the world, although findings are mixed (Stevens & Vollebergh, 2008).…”

Section: Why Assess Measurement Invariance (Mi)?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement and Construct-Level Invariance of the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS)

Buil,

Kösters,

Koot

2023

European Journal of Psychological Assessment

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Measurement and construct-level invariance of the Dutch Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale’s test scores (RCADS) across gender and ethnic (minority) backgrounds of the four largest ethnic groups of children living in the Netherlands (i.e., native Dutch; Moroccan; Turkish; or Surinamese/Antillean) was evaluated. Symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder, social phobia, separation anxiety disorder, panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and major depressive disorder were rated by 2,679 mainstream elementary schoolchildren ( Mage = 10.61). Results from discrete multiple-group confirmatory factor analyses showed that factor means were generally insensitive to gender bias. However, moderate violations of measurement invariance between native Dutch and the three ethnic minority groups were found for social phobia, panic disorder, and separation anxiety disorder symptoms. Girls had higher mean levels on all RCADS subscales compared to boys. Furthermore, with a few exceptions, children from ethnic minority groups reported higher levels of symptoms of panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder compared to native Dutch children. Scores derived from the RCADS are largely comparable between elementary school boys and girls, but for three out of six subscales, caution is warranted when comparing mean level differences of native Dutch children with children of Turkish, Moroccan, and Surinamese/Antillean ethnic backgrounds.

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Assessing the measurement invariance of the RCADS-25 questionnaire across gender and child–parent dyads in the presence of multilevel data

Cited by 6 publications

References 61 publications

Manuscript (PREPRINT)

Manuscript (PREPRINT)

International consensus on a standard set of outcome measures for child and youth anxiety, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder

Measurement and Construct-Level Invariance of the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS)

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