Assessing the Frontiers of Ultrapoverty Reduction: Evidence from Challenging the Frontiers of Poverty Reduction/Targeting the Ultra-poor, an Innovative Program in Bangladesh

Microfinance and Vulnerability to Seasonal Famine in a Rural Economy: Evidence from Monga in Bangladesh

“…The lower probability of microcredit membership found among the ultra-poor is consistent with substantial evidence accumulated over last four decades that the microcredit programs in Bangladesh consider them repayment risk and thus systematically exclude them (see the discussion in Emran et al (2014), andMatin et al (2008)). The "kink instrument", i.e., the interaction of 10 decimal dummy with rescaled land (land owned -10) also bears a negative sign across specifications, and is significant at the 1 percent level.…”

“…BRAC's specialized CFPR-TUP asset transfer program uses 10 decimal land as an eligibility criterion for ultra-poor (see Emran et al (2014), Matin et. al.…”

A multifaceted program causes lasting progress for the very poor: Evidence from six countries

“…7 The significance levels reported in Table 3 (* 10%, ** 5%, *** 1%) correspond to the naïve p-values, which can be inferred from the coefficient and standard errors. 8 Mental health questions were not asked in Pakistan in endline 1, while in India, women's empowerment was not asked about in endline 2, and so in both cases the correction is for only 9 outcome families when reporting countryspecific indexed family outcomes in Tables S3a-S3f . However, it is for 10 families in all other cases.…”

Land Market Restrictions, Women's Labor Force Participation and Wages

“…They also include district level fixed effects. The estimated partial correlation between land restrictions and women's labor force participation is positive, large in magnitude 21 For recent applications of heteroskedasticity based identification, see, for example, Chowdhury et al (2014), Emran and Hou (2013), Emran and Shilpi (2012), Emran et al (2014), Mallick (2011. 22 We, however, present the results that include number of infants and toddlers as an identifying instrument of the selection equation as part of the robustness checks of the main IV results.…”