Assessing the firing temperature of Uruk pottery in the Middle Euphrates Valley (Syria): Bevelled rim bowls

Sanjurjo-Sánchez, Jorge; Fenollós, Juan Luis Montero; Barrientos, Victor; Polymeris, George S.

doi:10.1016/j.microc.2018.06.009

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…FTIR spectra of the 59 sherds in the range of 4000–400 cm −1 are given in Figure 2 (f). The spectra show that the samples are contained by OH bendings of H 2 O (3500–3200 and 1641 cm −1 ) (Dhanapandian et al, 2012; Kiruba & Ganesan, 2015; Măruţoiu et al, 2018; Velraj et al, 2015), OH bendings of meta‐smectite (1634 cm −1 ) (Shoval & Paz, 2015), and bendings out‐of‐plane mode of calcite (1431, 1417 cm −1 ) (Akyuz et al, 2019; Kiruba & Ganesan, 2015; Măruţoiu et al, 2018; Papakosta et al, 2020; Ravisankar et al, 2010; Sanjurjo‐Sánchez Montero Fenollós, Barrientos & Polymeris, 2018; Shoval, 2003; Shoval et al, 2011; Shoval & Paz, 2015). Also, asymmetric stretching, bending and intensive rocking of Si‐O (Si) bonds of the different mineral phases are seen in the range of 1300–400 cm −1 (Lucovsky et al, 1987; Sanjurjo‐Sánchez, Montero Fenollós & Polymeris, 2018; Yu et al, 2003).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Strong absorbances of CaMg silicates, such as diopside and forsterite, stand out at 1066, 927, 915 and 500 cm −1 (De Benedetto et al, 2002; Rruff, 2021c) and 1010, 874 and 500 cm −1 (Rruff, 2021d; Tarte, 1963), respectively. The mineral phases anorthite (915 cm −1 ) (Rruff, 2021a), calcite (874 and 714 cm −1 ) (Barilaro et al, 2008; De Benedetto et al, 2002; Măruţoiu et al, 2018; Papakosta et al, 2020; Rruff, 2021b; Sanjurjo‐Sánchez, Montero Fenollós, Barrientos & Polymeris, 2018; Shoval, 2003), and quartz (796, 777 and 693 cm −1 ) (Akyuz et al, 2007, 2008, 2019; Barilaro et al, 2008; De Benedetto et al, 2002; Dhanapandian et al, 2012; Kiruba & Ganesan, 2015; Papakosta et al, 2020; Sanjurjo‐Sánchez, Montero Fenollós, Barrientos & Polymeris, 2018; Shoval, 2003; Shoval & Paz, 2015; Velraj et al, 2015) were also observed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Today, petrography and spectroscopy are proven to be an effective approach to the study of the mineral phases in ancient ceramics (Akyuz et al, 2019; Kiruba & Ganesan, 2015; Măruţoiu et al, 2018; Rodríguez et al, 2015; Tanasi et al, 2019). Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and XRD are well‐established instrumental methods for such analyses, and well‐characterized clay types, firing temperatures and atmosphere (Bahçeli et al, 2016; De Benedetto et al, 2002; Papakosta et al, 2020; Polymeris et al, 2014; Sanjurjo‐Sánchez, Montero Fenollós, Barrientos & Polymeris, 2018; Sanjurjo‐Sánchez, Montero Fenollós & Polymeris, 2018; Velraj et al, 2015). Especially for bulk characterization, FTIR spectroscopy is considered a useful technique because it is inexpensive, non‐destructive, easy to use, requires no sample preparation and allows for microsampling, particularly when combined with an attenuated total reflectance (ATR) probe.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An archaeometric study of the Konya basin metallic ware through FTIR and XRD analysis with chemometrics: Central Anatolian Early Bronze Age ceramics

et al. 2022

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Fourier‐transform infrared, X‐ray diffraction and chemometrics were used to characterize the mineralogical composition and firing conditions of 59 Early Bronze Age ceramic sherds from the Konya Plain (Turkey). These include the Konya Basin Metallic Ware (KBMW) and a control group of contemporary local products. The analysis indicates significant differences in mineral inclusions and firing temperatures, with KBMW generally being fired above 800°C and characterized by standardized fabric recipes. Assessed together with other published evidence, these results indicate a high degree of specialization in the production of KBMW ceramic assemblages in central Anatolia during the third millennium BCE.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An archaeometric study of the Konya basin metallic ware through FTIR and XRD analysis with chemometrics: Central Anatolian Early Bronze Age ceramics

et al. 2022

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“…Ceramic materials provide information on the clay materials employed in their manufacture [8,9], thus facilitating the assignment of their autochthonous or allochthonous character [10][11][12]. In the same way, they allow the technique description followed in the elaboration [13,14] and the ovens types employed [15], together with the utility that is attributed to each container pottery [16,17], with all this, it is possible to make copies [18][19][20][21][22]. The techniques used have been very diverse from spectroscopic to thermal analysis, including the most recent optical observations and the chemical analyses [23][24][25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Archaeometry and Analysis of Ceramic Materials from Ávila (Spain): Late-Vetton Evidence

García

González³

et al. 2021

Sustainability

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From the archaeological excavations carried out during 2019/2020 in the walled Ávila city (Spain), numerous ceramic fragments of different chronologies have appeared that have allowed us to find settlement sequences in this city that place its beginnings before Romanization. The latest interventions allow us to know that the wall of Ávila has a Roman origin, and it was developed on an indigenous nucleus from the 1st century BC that received the Romanizing influence during the 1st century AD. In addition, it was possible to establish that the materials used for their preparation are consistent with the materials of the geological environment, which suggests a local origin. This paper presents the study of a set of ceramic samples using XRD, ICP/MS, SEM/EDX, and linescan analysis. A statistical analysis of the samples using the minor elements concentrations has suggested that even though the local origin, there were several production centers within painted ceramics that until now were always included as a single set. Finally, due to the importance of the “late-Vetton” or “late Iberic” ceramics (mid-1st century BC—middle of the 1st century AC) from the archaeological aspect, for the first time, these ceramics are studied in detail from chemical and mineralogical tests. It was discovered that these samples had been made in an oven that had not exceeded 800 °C due to the persistence of different phases after cooking.

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“…The mineralogical changes that occur during the clay-to-pottery transformation prevent the use of other commonly used techniques for characterization of clays such as XRD or FTIR and Raman spectroscopies. Such techniques are sometimes indeed useful to characterize clays (e.g., [11,12]) or firing conditions in ceramic materials (e.g., [13]) but they cannot be used to group together clays and the corresponding ceramics. Therefore, chemical analysis is required, although some problems can also arise using elemental analysis.…”

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confidence: 99%

Application of Supervised Machine-Learning Methods for Attesting Provenance in Catalan Traditional Pottery Industry

Anglisano

Casas

Anglisano³

et al. 2019

Minerals

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The traditional pottery industry was an important activity in Catalonia (NE Spain) up to the 20th century. However, nowadays only few workshops persist in small villages were the activity is promoted as a touristic attraction. The preservation and promotion of traditional pottery in Catalonia is part of an ongoing strategy of tourism diversification that is revitalizing the sector. The production of authenticable local pottery handicrafts aims at attracting cultivated and high-purchasing power tourists. The present paper inspects several approaches to set up a scientific protocol based on the chemical composition of both raw materials and pottery. These could be used to develop a seal of quality and provenance to regulate the sector. Six Catalan villages with a renowned tradition of local pottery production have been selected. The chemical composition of their clays and the corresponding fired products has been obtained by Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF). Using the obtained geochemical dataset, a number of unsupervised and supervised machine learning methods have been applied to test their applicability to define geochemical fingerprints that could allow inter-site discrimination. The unsupervised approach fails to distinguish samples from different provenances. These methods are only roughly able to divide the different provenances in two large groups defined by their different SiO 2 and CaCO 3 concentrations. In contrast, almost all the tested supervised methods allow inter-site discrimination with accuracy levels above 80%, and accuracies above 85% were obtained using a meta-model combining all the predictive supervised methods. The obtained results can be taken as encouraging and demonstrative of the potential of the supervised approach as a way to define geochemical fingerprints to track or attest the provenance of samples.

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Assessing the firing temperature of Uruk pottery in the Middle Euphrates Valley (Syria): Bevelled rim bowls

Cited by 11 publications

References 27 publications

An archaeometric study of the Konya basin metallic ware through FTIR and XRD analysis with chemometrics: Central Anatolian Early Bronze Age ceramics

An archaeometric study of the Konya basin metallic ware through FTIR and XRD analysis with chemometrics: Central Anatolian Early Bronze Age ceramics

Archaeometry and Analysis of Ceramic Materials from Ávila (Spain): Late-Vetton Evidence

Application of Supervised Machine-Learning Methods for Attesting Provenance in Catalan Traditional Pottery Industry

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