Assessing the effectiveness of “intuitive” vibrotactile warning signals in preventing front-to-rear-end collisions in a driving simulator

Ho, Cristy; Reed, Nick; Spence, Charles

doi:10.1016/j.aap.2006.04.002

Cited by 144 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Given that the entire experiment took less than 45 min to complete, this result suggests that participants did not require much practice in order to learn how to use the auditory and vibrotactile cues. Thus, the temporally synchronous nonvisual cues appear to be quite intuitive (Ho, Reed, & Spence, 2006) and effective in producing significant improvements in visual search performance that are immediately measurable.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Auditory, tactile, and multisensory cues facilitate search for dynamic visual stimuli

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Spence

2010

Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Auditory, tactile, and multisensory cues facilitate search for dynamic visual stimuli

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Spence

2010

Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics

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“…The drivers were naïve to the aims of the experiment. The drivers followed a red lead car on a rural, two-lane road and were instructed to maintain a 2.0 s time headway with the lead car (Ho, Reed, & Spence, 2006;Janssen, Michon, & Harvey, 1976). If the drivers followed too far behind the lead car, the words "Speed Up!"…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To more closely simulate real-world rural driving conditions, drivers listened to background music via streaming audio of their preference to engage the auditory system (Hughes & Cole, 1986), while intermittent opposing roadway traffic was included to engage the visual system (Ho, Reed, & Spence, 2006).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous driving research (e.g., Ho, Reed, & Spence, 2006;Ho, Tan, & Spence, 2005;Tan, Gray, Young, & Traylor, 2003) shows promising findings for in-vehicle tactile warning systems, because tactile stimuli seem to reliably re-direct driver visual attention forward; and for rear-end collision warnings, tactile warnings result in earlier braking responses (than without a warning) and therefore larger safety distances between vehicles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The display was 91.44 cm (36 in) in height and was located 9 o to 12 o below the driver's eye height on the simulated instrument console. The visual warning display was deliberately positioned opposite the virtual speedometer to simulate current/future in-vehicle, in-dash information displays (Ho, Reed, & Spence, 2006) and force a wider visual search like in a real driving environment. The 500-Hz auditory warning issued from three, 6.5-cm (2.56-in) diameter speakers on the fixed-base instrument console.…”

Section: Driving Simulatormentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Driver Brake Reaction Times to Multimodal Rear-end Collision Warnings

Scott

Gray

2007

Proceedings of the 4th International Driving Symposium on Human Factors in Driver Assessment, Training, and Vehicle

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Summary: This study examined the effectiveness of rear-end collision warnings presented in different sensory modalities as a function of warning timing in a driving simulator. Drivers experienced four warning conditions: no warning, visual, auditory, and tactile. The warnings activated when the time-to-collision (TTC) reached a critical value of 3.0 or 5.0 s TTC. Driver reaction time (RT) was captured from the time the driver crossed the warning activation threshold to brake initiation. Mean driver RT data showed that the tactile warning significantly outperformed the visual warning, providing support for tactile displays as effective rear-end collision warnings.

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An exploration of decision support for drivers, inside and outside the vehicle

Drew

Hayes

2012

Hum Ftrs & Erg Mfg Svc

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility and future promise of decision support systems (DSS A driving simulator study compared three DSSs: a dynamic road sign, displays on the side mirrors, and a vibrating seat (haptic).) inside the vehicle relative to a particular, well-tested dynamic road sign external to the vehicle. Independent variables included display placement and modality (visual vs. haptic). Dependent variables included measurements of safe driving behavior and usability. A follow-on focus group study was conducted to gain further insights into the results and improvement ideas. The vibrating seat yielded significantly better safety margins than the dynamic road sign. Haptic DSSs inside the vehicle may have more safety benefits than visual DSSs inside or outside the vehicle. Further investigation is needed to determine what properties of the haptic interfacereduced interference with visual driving tasks, message salience, simplicity, or some combination -are responsible for the advantage. C 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

show abstract

Assessing the effectiveness of “intuitive” vibrotactile warning signals in preventing front-to-rear-end collisions in a driving simulator

Cited by 144 publications

References 46 publications

Auditory, tactile, and multisensory cues facilitate search for dynamic visual stimuli

Auditory, tactile, and multisensory cues facilitate search for dynamic visual stimuli

Comparison of Driver Brake Reaction Times to Multimodal Rear-end Collision Warnings

An exploration of decision support for drivers, inside and outside the vehicle

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