Assessing social skills in individuals at ultra-high risk for psychosis: Validation of the High Risk Social Challenge task (HiSoC)

Glenthøj, Birte; Kristensen, Tina Dam; Gibson, Clare M.; Jepsen, Jens Richardt Møllegaard; Nordentoft, Merete

doi:10.1016/j.schres.2019.08.025

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The task’s 16 items are rated on a 5-point Likert scale with higher scores indicating better social skills. HiSoC has demonstrated excellent reliability and validity in UHR 82 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Premorbid adjustment associates with cognitive and functional deficits in individuals at ultra-high risk of psychosis

Lundsgaard

Kristensen²,

Wenneberg³

et al. 2022

Schizophr

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Premorbid social and academic adjustment are important predictors of cognitive and functional performance in schizophrenia. Whether this relationship is also present in individuals at ultra-high risk (UHR) for psychosis is the focus of the present study. Using baseline data from a randomised clinical trial (N = 146) this study investigated associations between premorbid adjustment and neuro- and social cognition and functioning in UHR individuals aged 18–40 years. Patients were evaluated with the Premorbid Adjustment Scale (PAS) comprising a social and an academic domain. Using validated measures neurocognition was assessed in the domains of processing speed, executive function, attention, verbal learning and memory, visual learning and memory, and working memory along with estimated IQ. Social cognitive domains assessed were theory of mind, emotion recognition, and attributional bias. Functional assessment comprised the domains of social- and role functioning, functional capacity, and quality of life. Linear regression analyses revealed poor premorbid academic adjustment to be associated with poorer performance in processing speed, working memory, attention, full scale IQ, and verbal IQ. Poor premorbid social adjustment was associated with theory of mind deficits. Additionally, both premorbid adjustment domains were associated with social- and role functioning and quality of life. Corroborating evidence from schizophrenia samples, our findings indicate poor premorbid adjustment to correlate with deficits in specific cognitive and functional domains in UHR states. Early premorbid adjustment difficulties may therefore indicate a poor cognitive and functional trajectory associated with significant impairments in early and established psychotic disorders suggesting targets for primary intervention.

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“…The task’s 16 items are rated on a 5-point Likert scale with higher scores indicating better social skills. HiSoC has demonstrated excellent reliability and validity in UHR 82 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Premorbid adjustment associates with cognitive and functional deficits in individuals at ultra-high risk of psychosis

Lundsgaard

Kristensen²,

Wenneberg³

et al. 2022

Schizophr

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“…Combining the results for FER accuracy, specific FER biases, and social functioning yields a richer theoretical picture of how CHR individuals may perceive social interactions; an anger bias may impede their ability accurately appraise others, potentially lead to assumptions of hostility, and subsequently shape their behaviour in ways that leads to poor long-term outcomes (e.g., functioning; Glenthøj et al, 2020). The present study had notable strengths, including multimethod assessment (i.e., self-report, interview, and behavioural task) and process-oriented scoring of task data; however, it is important to recognize several limitations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relevance of social anxiety for understanding social functioning and facial emotion recognition in individuals at clinical high‐risk for psychosis

Williams

Conley

Mittal

2023

Early Intervention Psych

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AimIndividuals at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis often experience poor social functioning and impaired facial emotion recognition (FER); however, the impact of frequently comorbid symptoms upon these processes is underexplored. In particular, social anxiety is characteristic of this population and also related to poor social functioning and FER biases, such as misinterpreting neutral faces as negative or threatening; however, little is known about how social anxiety relates to these processes in CHR individuals. The present study examined the overlap of social anxiety, social functioning, and FER accuracy and bias.MethodParticipants (CHR N = 62, healthy controls N = 52) completed the self‐report Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (SIAS), Penn Emotion Recognition‐40 (ER‐40) behavioural task, and interviewer‐rated Global Functioning Scale‐Social (GFS‐S). The ER‐40 was used to assess both FER accuracy (e.g., overall number of correct responses) and bias (e.g., mislabelling neutral faces as angry).ResultsConsistent with previous research, relative to controls, CHR participants had more social anxiety (d = −1.07), poorer social functioning (d = −1.62), and performed more poorly on the FER task (e.g., d = −.37). Within CHR participants, social anxiety was related to an anger detection bias (r = .28), above and beyond positive symptom severity, which in turn was related to FER accuracy (r = .26) and social functioning (r = −.28).ConclusionThese findings suggest that ongoing work examining social processes within CHR individuals needs to account for social anxiety and that social anxiety may be a useful preventive intervention target.

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“…This included individuals at UHR for psychosis, individuals in early stages of psychosis, and individuals with chronic psychosis 17 – 19 . Studies of social functioning reported a higher degree of social skill impairment in UHR individuals who develop psychosis than in those who do not develop, although the lack of study power must be emphasised, which may indicate that a lack of social skills is a sign of susceptibility to psychosis 9 , 17 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Whilst prediction of conversion to clinically relevant psychosis has been a main point of interest in the UHR populations, it is equally important to understand protective mechanisms present in UHR individuals who do not transition 3 – 5 . Social 6 – 9 and cognitive 10 – 14 functioning in UHR may have value in predicting illness progression. In particular, the covariation of social and cognitive measures across time might be useful in identifying and predicting outcome in UHR.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of social and cognitive predictors in non-transition ultra-high-risk’ individuals for psychosis using spiking neural networks

Doborjeh

Sumich

et al. 2023

Schizophr

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Finding predictors of social and cognitive impairment in non-transition Ultra-High-Risk individuals (UHR) is critical in prognosis and planning of potential personalised intervention strategies. Social and cognitive functioning observed in youth at UHR for psychosis may be protective against transition to clinically relevant illness. The current study used a computational method known as Spiking Neural Network (SNN) to identify the cognitive and social predictors of transitioning outcome. Participants (90 UHR, 81 Healthy Control (HC)) completed batteries of neuropsychological tests in the domains of verbal memory, working memory, processing speed, attention, executive function along with social skills-based performance at baseline and 4 × 6-month follow-up intervals. The UHR status was recorded as Remitters, Converters or Maintained. SNN were used to model interactions between variables across groups over time and classify UHR status. The performance of SNN was examined relative to other machine learning methods. Higher interaction between social and cognitive variables was seen for the Maintained, than Remitter subgroup. Findings identified the most important cognitive and social variables (particularly verbal memory, processing speed, attention, affect and interpersonal social functioning) that showed discriminative patterns in the SNN models of HC vs UHR subgroups, with accuracies up to 80%; outperforming other machine learning models (56–64% based on 18 months data). This finding is indicative of a promising direction for early detection of social and cognitive impairment in UHR individuals that may not anticipate transition to psychosis and implicate early initiated interventions to stem the impact of clinical symptoms of psychosis.

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Assessing social skills in individuals at ultra-high risk for psychosis: Validation of the High Risk Social Challenge task (HiSoC)

Cited by 7 publications

References 36 publications

Premorbid adjustment associates with cognitive and functional deficits in individuals at ultra-high risk of psychosis

Premorbid adjustment associates with cognitive and functional deficits in individuals at ultra-high risk of psychosis

The relevance of social anxiety for understanding social functioning and facial emotion recognition in individuals at clinical high‐risk for psychosis

Investigation of social and cognitive predictors in non-transition ultra-high-risk’ individuals for psychosis using spiking neural networks

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