Assessing potentials for mobile/smartphone reuse/remanufacture and recycling in Germany for a closed loop of secondary precious and critical metals

Abstract

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Recycling 115,369 mobile phones for gorilla conservation over a six-year period (2009-2014) at Zoos Victoria: A case study of ‘points of influence’ and mobile phone donations

“…Hoarding is problematic since precious (including conflict) metals in unrecycled old mobile phones are not extracted and potentially returned to the supply loop, thereby reducing the need for mining in wilderness areas. In Germany, by 2035 it is predicted that more than 8,000 tonnes of precious (including conflict) metals will lie ‘in unrecycled mobile and smartphones [38], and in China, by 2025 an estimated nine tonnes of gold, 15 tonnes of silver and 3,107 tonnes of copper will also be out of the supply loop in 0.35 billion unrecycled mobile and smartphones [6]. Many people are likely to be unaware of the environmental/health risks associated with hoarding mobile phones, or the effect on conservation of habitats, species and even mineral resources [35].…”

Reverse supply chain issues in Indian electronics industry: a case study

“…Noman and Amin [22] studies the reverse logistics framework of cellphones exploring the practices and policies in Canada. In a study in Germany, Gurita et al [12] examined the potential of reuse, remanufacturing, and recycling of mobile phones. Vogtlander et al [39] analyzed the circular business models for consumer electronics products including mobile phones.…”

Analyzing Remanufacturability of Mobile Phones using DEMATEL Approach

“…The results show that remanufactured smartphones have higher potential for profitability, which show the importance of choosing the right market channel. Gurita et al [18] shows that the potential for reuse/remanufacturing mobile phone and smartphone is quite high in Germany market, but there are challenges in low collection rate and customers' attitude towards remanufactured mobile phone.…”

“…Technology obsolescence also plays an important role in remanufacturing (Nnorom and Osibanjo [14]). Customers are concerned about the risk of mobile phone being obsolete quickly (Bhatia and Srivastava [22], Deshpande [32]) and fast emerging new models can drive the obsolescence even faster (Gurita [18]). From the above discussion, we derive four factors i.e.…”

“…There are several issues in acquisition i.e. uncertainty in quality and quantity of used product (Gurita [18]), and uncertainty in acquisition time (Chakraborty et al [31]). Optimal acquisition price is needed to make sure sufficient supply and profitability (Guide and van Wassenhove [41]).…”