Assessing population effects from entrainment of fish at a large volume water intake

Abstract

We report the levels of aluminium, calcium and potassium in selected tissues of growing rats administered dietary or subcutaneous aluminium, and also the effect of dietary aluminium in combination with cholecalciferol, or with lactose plus a dietary chelating agent. Dietary aluminium decreased the growth rate of normal rats and increased the deposition of aluminium in the tissues. Animals given lactose with a dietary chelator showed a 17 - 100% increase in brain, heart, and muscle aluminium concentration in comparison with those fed aluminium alone. Animals fed both aluminium with cholecalciferol also showed increased levels (12-39%) of aluminium, chiefly in muscle and heart in comparison with those fed aluminium alone. Aluminium deposition was correlated positively with Ca2+ and K+ levels among each of these tissues. We conclude that in normal growing rats aluminium deposition is increased in heart and muscle in the presence of vitamin D3 and in brain, heart and muscle in the presence of lactose and a dietary chelating agent.

Biodiversity

“…Facilities such as power plants, desalination plants, and other industries that take in large amounts of water to use in cooling or processing have screens to avoid the entrance of animals along with the water (Gray et al 1986;Chow et al 1981). The intake rate is high resulting in strong currents of inflowing water and fish and other animals are impinged on screens and die.…”

“…Large pumps often are used to obtain water for irrigation in agriculture and for supplying aquaculture facilities (Gray et al 1986;Yoo and Boyd 1994). The intakes of pumps used in agriculture and aquaculture may or may not be screened.…”