Assessing our nitrogen inheritance

Sutton, Mark A.; Howard, Clare; Erisman, Jan Willem; Billen, Gilles; Bleeker, A.; Grennfelt, Peringe; Grinsven, Hans van; Grizzetti, Bruna

doi:10.1017/cbo9780511976988.004

Cited by 80 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…However, the effects of increased N deposition on soil CO 2 flux are high variable, including promotion (Cleveland and Townsend 2006;Contosta et al 2011), inhibition (Mo et al 2008;Janssens et al 2010), and no change (Allison et al 2008), depending on the level and the form of N addition (Fang et al 2012), on the duration of N addition (Hasselquist and Högberg 2014), and on distinct stages of N saturation (Sutton et al 2011). In addition, these studies have been conducted using a type of N fertilizer (e.g., NH 4 NO 3 or urea) (Mo et al 2008;Phillips and Podrebarac 2009), and the contrasting effects of oxidized NO 3 − and reduced NH 4 + have rarely been investigated (Lu et al 2011a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting effects of ammonium and nitrate inputs on soil CO2 emission in a subtropical coniferous plantation of southern China

et al. 2015

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Increased nitrogen (N) deposition has been found controversial affecting soil CO 2 emission in terrestrial ecosystems, which leads to serious debate on the efficiency of estimated C sequestration induced by N enrichment. The forms of input N might be responsible for this controversy. This study aims to explore the effects of NH 4 + (reduced N) and NO 3 − (oxidized N) on soil CO 2 flux and the underlying microbial mechanisms. An N addition experiment, two N fertilizers (NH 4 Cl and NaNO 3 ) and two rates (40 and 120 kg N ha −1 year −1 ), was carried out in a slash pine plantation of southern China. Soil-atmospheric CO 2 exchange, soil microbial biomass, and community composition were measured using static chamber-gas chromatography and phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analyses in the active growing and nonactive growing seasons, respectively. Low level of NaNO 3 addition significantly increased soil CO 2 flux in the active growing season, whereas other N treatments did not change soil CO 2 flux. High level of NH 4 Cl addition significantly reduced soil fungal biomass (fungal PLFA) and changed microbial community composition (ratio of fungal to bacterial (F/B) PLFAs). The positive relationships between the change in soil CO 2 flux and the change in fungal biomass, as well as between the change in soil CO 2 flux and the change in community composition, were observed in the nonactive growing season. The N forms as NO 3 − or NH 4 + are important factors affecting C cycles in the subtropical coniferous plantation. These results suggested that the variations of soil CO 2 emission and microbial biomass and community composition in the subtropical plantation depended on the seasons and the levels and forms of N addition.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting effects of ammonium and nitrate inputs on soil CO2 emission in a subtropical coniferous plantation of southern China

et al. 2015

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“…In most intensive agricultural production systems nitrogen leaching may reach up to 50 to 75% from N applied to environment (Asghari and Cavagnaro, 2011) which can be a serious risk for human health due to contaminating water (Umar and Iqbal, 2007). According to Sutton et al (2011) energy crops have a large capacity to produce higher biomass with the minimal amount of N fertilizer while at the same time protecting the environment. Others strategies to improve NUE are to use genetic modification or to breed for new varieties that take up more organic or inorganic N from the soil N and utilize the absorbed N more efficiently (Hirel et al, 2007).…”

Section: Results and Discuasionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of nitrogen and potassium application rates on nitrogen use efficiency and tuber minerals content in central high lands of Ethiopia

Shunka¹,

Chindi²,

W/Giorgis³

et al. 2017

J. Hortic. For.

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An experiment was conducted on a Nitisol of Holetta agricultural research and Jeldu Sub-center using three factors such as potato varieties (Belete, Jalenie and Gudanie), nitrogen rates (87, 110 and 133 kg/ha) and potassium oxide rates (0, 34.5, 69 and 103 kg/ha) that were arranged on randomized complete block design with three replications. The data were subjected to Proc GLM model of SAS software version 9.2. Higher tuber nitrogen content, uptake and utilization was obtained from Holetta location than Jeldu. Increasing nitrogen fertilizer from 87 to 133 kg/ha reduced the tuber nitrogen uptake and utilization efficiency by 75.56 and 75.49%, respectively. The interaction between variety and location also highly significantly affected tuber nitrogen content and nitrogen utilization efficiency. The interaction between nitrogen and variety affected tuber nitrogen in percent and protein content highly significantly. The highest tuber nitrogen and protein content was obtained from Belete and Gudenie varieties at a rate of 110 kg/ha nitrogen. From these results, it can be concluded that, the interaction between nitrogen and potassium rates did not affect significantly any parameter measured in this experiment, while nitrogen, varieties, interaction of location with variety showed significantly different nitrogen use efficiencies and tuber minerals content.

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“…Even the most recent studies have been limited to N r (e.g. Parfitt et al 2008;Sutton et al 2011a;Ti et al 2011) are limited to subnational regions (e.g. Howarth et al 2006), or are limited to the terrestrial biosphere rather than a geographical unit (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The UK’s total nitrogen budget from 1990 to 2020: a transition from source to sink?

et al. 2016

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This study estimates the annual total nitrogen balance of the UK from 1990 to 2020. The following inputs of nitrogen are considered: inorganic fertilizer, atmospheric deposition; food and feed imports; and biological nitrogen fixation. The outputs considered compose: atmospheric emissions; direct losses of sewage and industrial effluent to the sea; fluvial losses at source; food and feed exports; and terrestrial denitrification. It is shown that: (1) Inputs of inorganic fertilizer declined significantly over the study period with both atmospheric deposition and food and feed imports significantly increasing. (2) Outputs of total N also significantly declined with all output pathways decreasing except for atmospheric emissions and terrestrial denitrification to N 2 .

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Assessing our nitrogen inheritance

Cited by 80 publications

References 7 publications

Contrasting effects of ammonium and nitrate inputs on soil CO2 emission in a subtropical coniferous plantation of southern China

Contrasting effects of ammonium and nitrate inputs on soil CO2 emission in a subtropical coniferous plantation of southern China

Effect of nitrogen and potassium application rates on nitrogen use efficiency and tuber minerals content in central high lands of Ethiopia

The UK’s total nitrogen budget from 1990 to 2020: a transition from source to sink?

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