The UK’s total nitrogen budget from 1990 to 2020: a transition from source to sink?

Worrall, Fred; Burt, Tim; Howden, Nicholas J K; Whelan, M. J.

doi:10.1007/s10533-016-0234-4

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…The intercept value ( α ) represents the average BOD conditions accounting for differences in sampling across the factors considered in this study and so the trend in the intercept represents sites where BOD is changing. Previous studies have shown that BOD has declined across the UK (Worrall, Burt, et al., 2016) and such decreases in BOD have been led by regulation such as the Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive (European Commission, 1991).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

BOD as a Measure of Fluvial Organic Matter Lability—The Decoupling of O₂ Consumption From CO₂ Production

2021

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The fate of organic matter transported into and through rivers basins has been shown to be an important component of the global carbon cycle; in-stream processes can rapidly transfer carbon from the terrestrial biosphere to the atmosphere (Cole et al., 2007) and interact with riparian zones as sources of carbon (Abril & Borges, 2019;Borges et al., 2015). Initial attempts to quantify the flux of carbon from rivers focused on the flux from the mouth of the rivers to the continental shelf (e.g., Ludwig et al., 1996;Meybeck, 1993) but did not attempt to quantify the loss of carbon during transport within rivers and so did not account for the transfer of terrestrial carbon from rivers to the atmosphere. For the global scale, Cole et al. (2007) estimated that 1,900 Mtonnes C/yr enters rivers of which 800 Mtonnes C/yr (42% of the input) was returned to the atmosphere. Battin et al. (2008) used a 21% removal rate for dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from global rivers implying that, in comparison to the values suggested by Cole et al. ( 2007), there must be considerable contributions from the loss of particulate organic carbon (POC) and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC). Regnier et al. ( 2013) estimated the total global carbon flux (inorganic and organic carbon) from the terrestrial biosphere into freshwaters was 2,800 Mtonnes C/yr of which 1,000 Mtonnes C/yr was exported from the tidal limit (i.e., a 64% removal rate).Many studies have used a mass balance approach to assess fluvial carbon, and indeed, organic matter losses. Worrall et al. (2012) and Worrall, Burt, and Howden (2014) measured a 78% net loss of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and a 20% loss of particulate organic matter (POM) across a river basin. However, such mass balance studies have been shown to be dependent upon assumptions of sink and source processes within the basin; for example, Finlay et al. (2016) found that removal of TOC (POC + DOC) by water abstraction in the UK represented 1.5% of the 20% total removal rate of fluvial carbon across UK watersheds and that this abstraction was larger than the sink of carbon in river flood plains. The alternative approach has been to perform direct measurements of organic matter loss in rivers. Graneli et al. (1996) found a rate of loss of 0.0009-0.4 mg C/l/day and Hudson et al. (2003) found a DOC loss of 0.43%/day; both studies were based on lake water. Gennings et al. (2001) states that 40%-70% of annual inputs into boreal lakes were evaded to the atmosphere. Lakes and reservoirs have residence times of weeks to years, which are far longer than the residence times of rivers. The median in-stream residence time for UK rivers is 26.7 hr . Several authors (Marschner & Kalbitz, 2003) have expressed DOM turnover in terms of "young," readily biodegradable DOM, and "old," refractory

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

BOD as a Measure of Fluvial Organic Matter Lability—The Decoupling of O₂ Consumption From CO₂ Production

2021

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“…The comparative freshwater temperature data given in Table 2 shows that for both the lake and final sewage waters sampled in remove nutrients but can also include measures to lower the organic matter, and indeed the impact of the UWWTD on water quality has already been demonstrated for phosphorus (Civan et al, 2018), nitrogen (Worrall et al, 2016), particulates (Worrall et al, 2014); and DOC (Worrall et al, 2018), this it would be expected, a priori, that the UWWTD would have altered the supply of hot water to surface waters. Despite the demonstrated warming effect of sewage effluent (Kinouchi et al, 2007) Walker et al (2004) go further and describe four critical aspects of resiliencelatitude, resistance, precariousness, and panarchy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…by 2005 and by then the United Kingdom was 99% compliant. Implementation of the UWWTD can include interventions to remove nutrients but can also include measures to lower the organic matter, and indeed the impact of the UWWTD on water quality has already been demonstrated for phosphorus (Civan et al, 2018), nitrogen (Worrall et al, 2016), particulates (Worrall et al, 2014); and DOC (Worrall et al, 2018), this it would be expected, a priori, that the UWWTD would have altered the supply of hot water to surface waters. Despite the demonstrated warming effect of sewage effluent (Kinouchi et al, 2007), we do not know whether changes implemented to improve water quality would change the volume or temperature of the final sewage effluent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

River water temperature demonstrates resistance to long‐term air temperature change

Worrall

Howden

Burt

et al. 2022

Hydrological Processes

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Ecosystem health and water quality of rivers are dependent on their temperature.With ongoing human-induced climate change causing increases in air temperature across the globe, it is anticipated the stream temperatures will rise too-in turn increasing the rates of biogeochemical stream processes and potentially threatening the viability and health of aquatic organisms. To understand the relationship between

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“…Many studies on the N budget have been conducted to improve the general understanding of the N cycle, environmental consequences of increased N application to croplands, and possible strategies for achieving sustainable intensification of crop production at global [15,16] or national scale [8,17]. The ecosystem of crop production is threatened by the increased N input and declining N use efficiency (NUE) in China, and exploring the trends in various N inputs to the croplands and NUE in China's crop production is vital for agricultural sustainability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Trends in Nitrogen Input and Nitrogen Use Efficiency for Agricultural Sustainability

Yuan¹,

Peng²

2017

Sustainability

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Crop production is threatened by the increased nitrogen (N) input and declining N use efficiency (NUE). Information on total N input from planted seeds/tubers, atmospheric deposition, irrigation water, crop residues, animal manure, biological N fixation, and synthetic N fertilizer and NUE based on these N inputs in China's crop production is limited. We calculated the amount of various N inputs and NUE based on 117 primary crops from 1961 to 2012 in China. The total N input increased from 8.0 Mt in 1961 to 60.8 Mt in 2012. The substantial shift in the types of N input was observed from animal manure and biological N fixation toward synthetic N fertilizer. Animal manure plus biological N fixation and synthetic N fertilizer accounted for 70.9% and 6.8% of total N input in 1961, respectively, and these values were changed to 15.7% and 74.0% in 2012. Partial factor productivity of applied synthetic N and crop's recovery efficiency of total N input declined substantially during the study period. These results suggest that it is essential to reduce synthetic N input and increase NUE with improved crop management practices and N-efficient crop varieties to achieve the sustainability of crop production in China.

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The UK’s total nitrogen budget from 1990 to 2020: a transition from source to sink?

Cited by 10 publications

References 61 publications

BOD as a Measure of Fluvial Organic Matter Lability—The Decoupling of O₂ Consumption From CO₂ Production

BOD as a Measure of Fluvial Organic Matter Lability—The Decoupling of O₂ Consumption From CO₂ Production

River water temperature demonstrates resistance to long‐term air temperature change

Exploring the Trends in Nitrogen Input and Nitrogen Use Efficiency for Agricultural Sustainability

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The UK’s total nitrogen budget from 1990 to 2020: a transition from source to sink?

Cited by 10 publications

References 61 publications

BOD as a Measure of Fluvial Organic Matter Lability—The Decoupling of O2 Consumption From CO2 Production

BOD as a Measure of Fluvial Organic Matter Lability—The Decoupling of O2 Consumption From CO2 Production

River water temperature demonstrates resistance to long‐term air temperature change

Exploring the Trends in Nitrogen Input and Nitrogen Use Efficiency for Agricultural Sustainability

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Product

Resources

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BOD as a Measure of Fluvial Organic Matter Lability—The Decoupling of O₂ Consumption From CO₂ Production

BOD as a Measure of Fluvial Organic Matter Lability—The Decoupling of O₂ Consumption From CO₂ Production