Assessing liver function

Sakka, Samir G.

doi:10.1097/mcc.0b013e328012b268

Cited by 217 publications

(178 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Hence, BSP clearance monitors both, hepatocellular transport and metabolism. Today, BSP clearance is rarely measured in patients, as it may be associated with severe systemic reactions (Sakka, 2007).…”

Section: Bromosulphophthaleinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, transport proteins are key molecular components of the hepatocellular detoxification system (phase 0 and phase III) and consequently of liver function tests. Liver function tests utilizing exogenous indicators such as indocyanine green (ICG), bromosulphophthalein (BSP), fluorescent bile salt derivatives, agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), or breath tests have been developed to complement the use of endogenous indicators (de Graaf et al, 2010a;Milkiewicz et al, 2000;Millet et al, 2011;Sakka, 2007). Preoperative dynamic liver function tests are part of the routine assessment of patients scheduled for liver resection in many centers (Breitenstein et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The emerging role of transport systems in liver function tests

Stieger

Heger

Graaf

et al. 2012

European Journal of Pharmacology

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Liver function tests are of critical importance for the management of patients with severe or terminal liver disease. They are also used as prognostic tools for planning liver resections. In recent years many transport systems have been identified that also transport substances employed in liver function tests. Such substances include endogenous bilirubin or exogenously administered indocyanine green, agents for magnetic resonance imaging, agents for single photon emission computed tomography or agents for breath tests. The increasing functional and molecular information on the respective transport systems should improve the management and as a result the outcome of patients scheduled for liver surgery or transplantation. To achieve the latter goal, clinical studies that assess individual patients' liver function over the course of their disease with liver function tests are needed to firmly establish and validate recently introduced and novel liver function markers. The emerging role of transport systems in liver function tests Bruno Stieger is supported by grant # 31003A_124652 from the Swiss National Science foundation. AbstractLiver function tests are of critical importance for the management of patients with severe or terminal liver disease. They are also used as prognostic tools for planning liver resections. In recent years many transport systems have been identified, that also transport substances employed in liver function tests. Such substances include endogenous bilirubin or exogenously administered indocyanine green, agents for magnetic resonance imaging, agents for single photon emission computed tomography or agents for breath tests. The increasing functional and molecular information on the respective transport systems should improve the management and as a result the outcome of patients scheduled for liver surgery or transplantation. To achieve the latter goal, clinical studies that assess individual patients liver function over the course of their disease with liver function testes are needed to firmly establish and validate recently introduced and novel liver function markers.

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Section: Bromosulphophthaleinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The emerging role of transport systems in liver function tests

Stieger

Heger

Graaf

et al. 2012

European Journal of Pharmacology

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“…The detoxification of the greatest pivotal functions of the body being responsible for the process of converting and removing harmful substances 2 . Carbon tetrachloride is extensively employed for initiation of liver injury.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Hepatoprotective Role of Phenolic Extract of Urtica Dioica and Silver Nanoparticles in Male Rat Induced by Carbon Tetra-Chloride

Kadhim¹,

Aldujaili²,

Homady³

2017

Rasayan J Chem

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This study showed the protective role of the phenolic extract of Urtica dioica and silver nanoparticles (AgNPS) on the hepatotoxicity effect via carbon tetrachloride (CCL4) within white male rats. Hundred and ten male albino rats weighing (200-250g) and aged (10-17week). Animals were housed in the animal house of faculty of Science/University of Kufa under control condition; light 12 and 12 dark hours and temperature (24±2C°).Animals divided into four groups as follows the control groups, carbon tetrachloride groups, phenolic extract groups, and silver nanoparticles, groups. Subdivided groups above depending on the concentration (250 and 500mg/kg) of phenolic extract, (10 and 5mg/kg) of silver nanoparticles for (two and three) month add to dosage after and before induced by carbon tetrachloride (five animals per group).The current study revealed the occurrence of a significant decrease (P≤0.05) in the level of regucalcin when the administered by phenolic extract and silver nanoparticles for (two and three months) compared with carbon tetrachloride group. Highly significant (p≤0.05) with the concentration of the (500mg/kg) for phenolic extract and (10mg/kg) for silver nanoparticles, and no significant observed between extract and silver nanoparticles for (two and three months) and before and after induced by the carbon tetrachloride.

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“…Indocyanine Green (ICG) is one such dye (Dzurinko 2004;Sakka 2007). The only challenge in using ICG clinically is its poor aqueous stability and short plasma residence time.…”

Section: Prodrug-based Therapiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tricarbocyanine dyes such as pthalocyanine, is one such class of dyes which possess both imaging and heat generation capabilities (Nelson 1988). Indocyanine Green (ICG), which is FDA approved for several clinical applications, is another NIR dye belonging to the same class (Dzurinko 2004;Sakka 2007). This dye has photodynamic, photothermal and imaging capabilities Bäumler 1999;Kitai 2005).…”

Section: Prodrug-based Therapiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifunctional Nanoparticles for Theranostic Applications

Srinivasan¹

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iii DEDICATION I want to dedicate this dissertation to my husband Karthikeyan who lent never ending love and support throughout my journey in graduate school. He had immense belief in me that I would be able to make my way through graduate school. There was not a single day in four years of our married life that he complained about my absence. He always had more confidence in me than I did in myself. I regretted those times when I could not attend his call or wasn't able to hear to his problems during his difficult times. However, he was patient and was there for me, no matter what the circumstances were. He was always there when I was close to giving up, trying to make me understand the importance of what I was doing. I also want to dedicate my dissertation to my mother, father, motherin-law and father-in-law. I would like to thank them for all the support they extended during my journey. Multifunctional agents for the management of highly heterogeneous diseases, like cancer, are gaining increased interest with the intent of improving the diagnostics and therapy of cancer patients. These agents are also important because more than one treatment modality is typically used for cancer therapy in the clinic. Further, nanotechnology offers a platform where more than one agent can be combined to help provide improved cancer diagnosis and therapy. Near-infrared light-activatable phototherapeutic agents have great potential in vivo. Body tissues have minimum absorption in the near-infrared range.They also have been shown to enhance the cytotoxic effect of chemotherapeutic drugs when used in combination with them. We have, hence, investigated the potential of two multifunctional targeted nanoparticles for combined chemo-phototherapy (employing near-infrared light activable agent) and for understanding their underlying cellular responses. The first is employing polymeric Poly-lactic acid-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles with simultaneous incorporation of Indocyanine Green (ICG) (a nearinfrared light-activatable photothermal agent) and Doxorubicin (DOX) and surface conjugated with anti-Human Epithelial Receptor-2 (HER-2). The PLGA nanoparticles were subjected to two modes of hyperthermia, incubator and laser hyperthermia, to vii mimic whole-body and localized hyperthermia used clinically. These nanoparticles upon laser exposure showed a rapid heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) response in comparison to the cellular HSP70 response upon incubator hyperthermia exposure. However, 12h posttreatment, downregulation of HSP70, was observed, thus, causing cellular apoptosis or necrosis based on the degree of thermal insult. These targeted nanoparticles, simultaneously incorporating agents, suffer from the limitation of release of both the agents from the nanoparticles and the need to control their release for bringing in effective therapy. Therefore, the second multifunctional nanoparticle employing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) conjugated with Doxorubicin was formulated. AgNP serve as a near-infrared activatable agent itself, o...

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Assessing liver function

Cited by 217 publications

References 66 publications

The emerging role of transport systems in liver function tests

The emerging role of transport systems in liver function tests

Assessment of Hepatoprotective Role of Phenolic Extract of Urtica Dioica and Silver Nanoparticles in Male Rat Induced by Carbon Tetra-Chloride

Multifunctional Nanoparticles for Theranostic Applications

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