Assessing drug abusers with the millon clinical multiaxial inventory: A review

Craig, Robert J.; Weinberg, Donna

doi:10.1016/0740-5472(92)90068-y

Cited by 35 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…No profiles were excluded for missing items (>12). Although the MCMI has been criticized as a diagnostic instrument (convergent validity), the reliability and validity of the first (MCMI-I) and second (MCMI-II) versions has been extensively evaluated, particularly in substance abusers (Craig & Weinberg, 1992a, 1992b). However, it should be noted that, to date, few studies have used the MCMI-III in substance abusers, and there have been significant changes in item content, scoring, and scales.…”

Section: Methods Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first and second editions of the MCMI (see reviews by Craig & Weinberg, 1992a, 1992b and the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (see review by Graham & Strenger, 1988) have been the most widely used omnibus psychopathology inventories in substance abuse samples. Two methods are commonly used to identify psychopathology subtypes.…”

Section: Psychopathology Subtyping Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, this multivariate classification strategy is a complex, sample-based approach, and decisions about cluster number and names can be subjective. Even when cluster solutions generalize across samples (Ball, 1996), the definition of decision rules to identify subtypes a priori (e.g., cutoff scores from a subset of predictive indicators) remains complex and sample specific.MCMI-I and MCMI-II protocol sorting procedures have most often identified depression or anxiety as the most common Axis I scale elevations, and antisocial or narcissistic as the most common Axis II scale elevations (Calsyn, Fleming, Wells, & Saxon, 1996;Craig & Olson, 1990;Craig & Weinberg, 1992a, 1992bMarsh, Stile, Stoughton, & Trout-Landen, 1988). These primary elevations are often combined with secondary elevations on borderline, passive-aggressive, aggressive-sadistic, histrionic, and alcohol and drug abuse scales.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III Subtypes of Opioid Dependence: Validity and Matching to Behavioral Therapies.

Ball

Nich²,

Rounsaville³

et al. 2004

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology

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The concurrent and predictive validity of 2 different methods of Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III subtyping (protocol sorting, cluster analysis) was evaluated in 125 recently detoxified opioid-dependent outpatients in a 12-week randomized clinical trial. Participants received naltrexone and relapse prevention group counseling and were assigned to 1 of 3 intervention conditions: (a) no-incentive vouchers, (b) incentive vouchers alone, or (c) incentive vouchers plus relationship counseling. Affective disturbance was the most common Axis I protocol-sorted subtype (66%), antisocial-narcissistic was the most common Axis II subtype (46%), and cluster analysis suggested that a 2-cluster solution (high vs. low psychiatric severity) was optimal. Predictive validity analyses indicated less symptom improvement for the higher problem subtypes, and patient treatment matching analyses indicated that some subtypes had better outcomes in the no-incentive voucher conditions. Addiction subtyping research has identified constellations of personality dimensions (Barnes, Murray, Patton, Bentler, & Anderson, 2000) and psychiatric disorders (Kranzler & Rounsaville, 1998) that are associated with the onset and severity of substance abuse and may have relevance for predicting treatment response. The presence of co-occurring psychiatric disorders seems to indicate a need for specialized or more intensive addiction treatment, and depression, antisocial personality, and general psychiatric symptom severity have been the most commonly investigated problems. Depressed cocaine abusers benefit from cognitive-behavioral coping skills and pharmacotherapy (Carroll et al., 1994), and opiate abusers with greater psychiatric severity improve with more intensive psychosocial programs (McLellan et al., 1983). Antisocial alcohol abusers seem to have better outcomes with coping skills than with interactional approaches (Kadden, Cooney, Getter, & Litt, 1989;Longabaugh et al., 1994), although Kadden, Litt, Cooney, Kabela, and Getter (2001) failed to replicate this effect. Antisocial methadone patients do as well as (Brooner, Kidorf, King, & Stoller, 1998;Silverman et al., 1998), and perhaps better than (Messina, Farabee, & Rawson, 2003), non-antisocial patients when provided with potent behavioral incentives, individual psychotherapy (Woody, McLellan, Luborsky, & O'Brien, 1985), or enhanced psychosocial services (Cacciola, Alterman, & Rutherford, 1995;Cacciola, Rutherford, Alterman, McKay, & Snider, 1996). The current study evaluated psychopathology subtypes derived from the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III (MCMI-III;Millon, 1994), the most recent edition of a widely used instrument that measures Axis I and II diagnoses of the fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV; American Psychiatric Association, 1994) and is also rooted in a biopsychosocial personality theory that may be relevant to the treatments compared in this study. MCMI Psychopathology Subtyping ProceduresThe ability to prospe...

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Section: Methods Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Psychopathology Subtyping Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III Subtypes of Opioid Dependence: Validity and Matching to Behavioral Therapies.

Ball

Nich²,

Rounsaville³

et al. 2004

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology

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“…The lack of similar findings in this study reflects comparatively low levels of distress at treatment intake found in these three samples of cocaine dependent subjects and highlights a treatment issue that distinguishes cocaine abusers from other clinical populations. Craig and Weinberg's (1992) summary of MCMI stability studies that involved clinical samples reveals higher stability coefficients on personality scales than on symptom scales. In contrast to previous findings, our intake-discharge test-retest findings reveal…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Although a sizeable literature is available that describes modal MCMI profiles, test-retest stability, and post-treatment changes in various clinical groups, relatively few such studies have involved substance abusers (Craig, 1993; Craig & Weinberg, 1992;Millon, 1987).…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Profile patterns, consistency, and change in the millon clinical multiaxial inventory-II in cocaine abusers

McMahon

Richards

1996

J. Clin. Psychol.

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This study examined the MCMI-II in samples of cocaine-dependent subjects who were receiving treatment in three separate residential facilities. Profile characteristics, patterns of scale stability, and change are reported. MCMI-II elevations are found in all three samples on the Antisocial, Aggressive/Sadistic, Narcissistic, Passive-Aggressive, Borderline, Drug Dependence, and Alcohol Dependence scales at both intake into treatment and discharge. Moderate stability coefficients are found on Basic Personality, Pathological Personality, and Symptom scales. Although some statistically significant mean scale changes between intake and discharge are noted in each sample, few involve change from clinically elevated to below clinical levels.

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Assessing PTSD with the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III

Craig

Olson

1997

J. Clin. Psychol.

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We studied the utility of the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III (MCMI-III) in assessing substance-abusing (n = 228), combat-related PTSD patients (n = 32). The MCMI-III produced a code type (16A) that was quite different from MCMI-I and MCMI-II code types (8A2) among similar populations. The PTSD Scale (R) successfully differentiated between a PTSD and non-PTSD substance-abusing group using mean Base Rate scores, was the best predictor of PTSD in a multiple regression equation, and the scale's sensitivity and specificity in detecting and/or ruling out the disorder was above that provided by chance alone and higher than the values reported in the test manual for that scale. The MCMI-III may be used as a broad band screening instrument for PTSD, at least among patients with combat-related stress.

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Assessing drug abusers with the millon clinical multiaxial inventory: A review

Cited by 35 publications

References 29 publications

Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III Subtypes of Opioid Dependence: Validity and Matching to Behavioral Therapies.

Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III Subtypes of Opioid Dependence: Validity and Matching to Behavioral Therapies.

Profile patterns, consistency, and change in the millon clinical multiaxial inventory-II in cocaine abusers

Assessing PTSD with the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III

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