Assessing beam shear behavior with distributed longitudinal strains

Poldon, Jack J.; Bentz, Evan C.; Hoult, Neil A.

doi:10.1002/suco.202100730

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(66 reference statements)

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“…Recent developments in DFOS bring increasingly higher accuracy, finer resolution and longer coverage [4,5], and make it possible to quantify infrastructure behavior at unprecedented resolution. For instance, Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometry (OFDR) offers sub-millimeter level spatial resolution and microstrain level accuracy [6], and has attracted significant attention from the research community [7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Despite the high resolution and accuracy, interpretation of fiber optic sensing results remains a challenge because DFOS measures the strain in the fiber optic core, which is transferred from the structure through the fiber optic cable jacket and coating (hereafter referred to as the "coating layer" for convenience).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strain Transfer Mechanisms and Mechanical Properties of Optical Fiber Cables

Zhang

Liu

Govindjee

et al. 2022

Sensors

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Understanding the strain transfer mechanism is required to interpret strain sensing results for fiber optic cables. The strain transfer mechanism for fiber optic cables embedded in cementitious materials has yet to be thoroughly investigated experimentally. Interpretation of fiber optic sensing results is of particular concern when there is a displacement discontinuity. This study investigates the strain transfer mechanism for different types of fiber optic cables while embedded in concrete cubes, sustaining a boundary condition which features a displacement discontinuity. The strain transfer mechanisms for different cables are compared under increasing strain levels. Under cyclic loading, the nonlinear behavior of the force–displacement relation and of the strain distribution in the fiber optic cable are discussed. The mechanical properties of the fiber optic cables are presented and discussed. A parameter is proposed to quantify the strain transfer length. The results of this study will assist researchers and engineers to select appropriate cables for strain sensing and interpret the fiber optic sensing results.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strain Transfer Mechanisms and Mechanical Properties of Optical Fiber Cables

Zhang

Liu

Govindjee

et al. 2022

Sensors

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“…Ultimately, the study concluded that the mix design had the largest influence on the shrinkage strain, rather than rebar size. Finally, Poldon et al [ 25 ] used DFOS to calculate the average restrained shrinkage strains in deep beams, however, the study did not report distributed strains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of Restrained and Unrestrained Shrinkage of Reinforced Concrete Using Distributed Fibre Optic Sensors

Yager

Hoult

Bentz

et al. 2022

Sensors

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Shrinkage is an important component of the behaviour of reinforced concrete (RC) structures, however, the number of variables that affect shrinkage make it a complex time-dependent phenomenon. Additionally, as new concrete materials with lower embodied carbon gain popularity, there is a need for an in-depth understanding into their shrinkage behaviour before they can be widely adopted by industry. Currently, the shrinkage behaviour of concrete is studied using discrete measurements on small-scale unrestrained prisms. Distributed fibre optic sensing (DFOS) potentially provides a method of measuring both restrained (with reinforcement) and unrestrained (without reinforcement) shrinkage in both small-scale specimens and structural elements. In the current study, methods of measuring distributed unrestrained shrinkage strains were developed and evaluated, and the restrained shrinkage strains in different types of structural members were studied. Unrestrained shrinkage strains were measured using fibres optic cables embedded in small concrete prisms, while restrained shrinkage strains were measured with fibres bonded to the longitudinal reinforcement. Unrestrained shrinkage strains were found to be highly variable (as large as 3800 microstrain range) depending on location, but further research needs to be undertaken to account for end effects, early-stage shrinkage, and bond between the fibre optic cable and the concrete. Restrained shrinkage strains from structural members revealed non-uniform shrinkage strain distributions along member length due to functional grading as well as high supplementary cementitious material concretes, suggesting that shrinkage models will need to account for this variability.

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The General Crack Component Model for reversed cyclic shear

Ruggiero,

Bentz,

Calvi

et al. 2023

Structural Concrete

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A growing body of research has shown that reversed cyclic shear loading of reinforced concrete (RC) causes effects that are not accounted for in monotonic behavioral models. Notable among these effects are a reduction in shear strength and significant plastic offsets. This paper presents the General Crack Component Model, a rational, mechanics‐based model that explicitly considers the constitutive behavior of cracks in RC. Cracked RC is treated as a series–parallel system of bonded and unbonded regions, where the crack interfaces have both crack closing hysteresis and a kinematic contact constraint. Validation was performed using data from monotonic and reversed cyclic experiments on panel elements, and has shown that this analytical model is able to accurately capture the salient features of reversed cyclic shear behavior.

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Assessing beam shear behavior with distributed longitudinal strains

Cited by 8 publications

References 30 publications

Strain Transfer Mechanisms and Mechanical Properties of Optical Fiber Cables

Strain Transfer Mechanisms and Mechanical Properties of Optical Fiber Cables

Measurement of Restrained and Unrestrained Shrinkage of Reinforced Concrete Using Distributed Fibre Optic Sensors

The General Crack Component Model for reversed cyclic shear

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