Assembling Drones, Activists and Oil Palms: Implications of a Multi-stakeholder Land Platform for State Formation in Myanmar

Bächtold, Stefan; Bastide, Joan; Lundsgaard-Hansen, Lara

doi:10.1057/s41287-020-00267-y

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…But based on different actors' contested objectives, scenarios can be defined in a participatory way and used to discuss different ES outcomes from potential policies and interventions. In Myanmar, such an application is a promising opportunity due to ongoing land reforms and the existence of a multi-stakeholder land platform (Bächtold et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying local ecosystem service outcomes by modelling their supply, demand and flow in Myanmar’s forest frontier landscape

Feurer

Zaehringer

Heinimann

et al. 2020

Journal of Land Use Science

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In complex tropical forest frontier landscapes, ecosystem service (ES) models are essential tools to test impacts of different land schemes on people. Considering several factors of supply, demand and flow and focusing on local stakeholders, we developed nine ES models using Bayesian networks and applied them in different land scenarios in Myanmar's Tanintharyi Region. We found land use and tenure as well as demand for specific products to be the key factors determining final ES outcomes. While forested lands have high regulating and overall balanced ES bundles, mixed agricultural lands provide subsistence and commercial products as well as better environmental education opportunities. By contrast, commercial agricultural concessions strongly limit ES outcomes for local communities. As our models reveal more distinct impacts of land policy scenarios in a homogeneous setting, where demand is better accounted for, we recommend their use for spatially explicit analyses of forest frontier landscapes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying local ecosystem service outcomes by modelling their supply, demand and flow in Myanmar’s forest frontier landscape

Feurer

Zaehringer

Heinimann

et al. 2020

Journal of Land Use Science

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“…The history of Western sanctions may have influenced the mode of capitalist development in Myanmar. Jones (2014b) argues that it drove the state to accept exploitative forms of foreign investment (see also Bächtold et al 2020 andSchneider et al 2020, in this special issue). The legacy of military rule also means that social movements, including the labor movement are weakly organized, to the extent that they have been able to mobilize.…”

Section: Politics Of Development In Myanmarmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When the NLD came to power, the involvement of international development actors increased and brought about ideas and discourses about inclusion and empowerment. Bächtold, Bastide, and Lundsgaard-Hansen (2020, in this special issue) analyze a multistakeholder platform that gathers regional governments, civil society organizations, private companies, and political ethnically based organizations around the same table to resolve land conflicts by collectively compiling data and updating maps. In the complex environment in which it operates, however, the multi-stakeholder platform effectively reduces the authority of ethnic political organizations while strengthening the central state (Bächtold et al 2020, in this special issue).…”

Section: Development Challenges In Myanmarmentioning

confidence: 99%

Introduction: Development Challenges in Myanmar: Political Development and Politics of Development Intertwined

Bjarnegård

2020

Eur J Dev Res

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Myanmar faces enormous development challenges in the midst of a rapidly changing and uncertain landscape both in terms of politics and international aid. This article probes into the intertwined nature of political development and the politics of development, drawing upon existing literature and contributions of this special issue. It critically analyzes the mismatch between the long-term societal change processes that Myanmar faces, on the one hand, and the instability of domestic politics and international development, on the other. It is argued that the prospects for development in Myanmar need to be assessed in a context of constant interaction between political development and the politics of development. Keywords Myanmar • Development • Politics • Aid • Democracy • Political development • Politics of development Résumé Le Myanmar s'affronte à des énormes défis de développement parmi un panorama politique et d'aide international très incertain et qui change très vite. Cet article sonde la nature étroitement mêlée des développements politiques et des politiques du développement, s'appuyant sur la littérature existante et sur les contributions incluses dans cette édition spéciale. On analyse de façon critique le décalage entre, d'un côté, les processus à longue durée d'adaptation sociale qui affronte le Myanmar ; et de l'autre côté, l'instabilité des politiques domestiques et du développement internationale. On soutient que les perspectives de développement au Myanmar doivent être évalués dans le contexte de l'interaction pérenne entre le développement politique et la politique du développement.

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“…Current land relations in Myanmar have been shaped by prolonged military rule and violent conflicts between the country's army and several ethnic groups that remain unsettled (Bächtold et al, 2020;Woods, 2019). Lasting peace in the country's border states remains improbable until struggles over land concessions, resource extraction profits and land-access insecurities of internally displaced people have been resolved (Bächtold et al, 2020;Prescott et al, 2017;Woods, 2019). Central to contemporary land debates in Myanmar are therefore a range of land-related policy reforms, which were passed during the presidency of retired general Thein Sein (2011 and have since been advanced under the political leadership of State Counsellor Aung San Suu Kyi (since 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Access mapping highlights risks from land reform in upland Myanmar

Kmoch

Palm

Persson

et al. 2020

Journal of Land Use Science

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Secure land access is vital for Myanmar's upland households, who rely on crops and forests to meet their subsistence needs. But recent land reforms threaten to undermine customary tenure and land-use practices in Myanmar. This paper combines income accounting methods with access theory to assess how new legislation may affect four Chin communities in the country's northwest. Our assessment of 94 households' land-access mechanisms and economic benefits from different types of land reveals existing land-access inequalities among Chin households and demonstrates communities' continued dependence on environmental resources, especially those from swidden fields, home gardens and forests. A majority of households would lose all of their land-derived income, if they were denied access to communities' customarily governed land, e.g., under the Vacant, Fallow and Virgin Land Management Law. Policy stakeholders should therefore intervene, to alleviate land-access inequalities among Chin households and to direct Myanmar's land-system dynamics onto more just development trajectories.

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Assembling Drones, Activists and Oil Palms: Implications of a Multi-stakeholder Land Platform for State Formation in Myanmar

Cited by 9 publications

References 43 publications

Quantifying local ecosystem service outcomes by modelling their supply, demand and flow in Myanmar’s forest frontier landscape

Quantifying local ecosystem service outcomes by modelling their supply, demand and flow in Myanmar’s forest frontier landscape

Introduction: Development Challenges in Myanmar: Political Development and Politics of Development Intertwined

Access mapping highlights risks from land reform in upland Myanmar

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