Aspergillus species as emerging causative agents of onychomycosis

Nouripour‐Sisakht, Sadegh; Mirhendi, Hossein; Shidfar, Mohammad Reza; Ahmadi, Bahram; Rezaei‐Matehkolaei, Ali; Geramishoar, Mohsen; Zarei, Fereshteh; Jalalizand, Nilufar

doi:10.1016/j.mycmed.2014.12.001

Cited by 64 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…The prevalence found in this survey of onychomycosis due to NDMs was higher in toenails (77.7%) than in fingernails (22.3%), which is similar to results reported by Nouripour et al (70.3%) (40), Khosravi et al (87.5%) (27), and Zaini et al (80%) (25). In contrast to our observation, an epidemiological survey in Khoozestan, southwest Iran, noted that NDMs were higher in fingernails than in toenails (20).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Growing Incidence of Non-Dermatophyte Onychomycosis in Tehran, Iran

Motamedi

Ghasemi

Shidfar

et al. 2016

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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BackgroundNon-dermatophyte onychomycosis (NDO) is caused by a wide range of mold fungi other than dermatophytes, and has been reported at various rates in different countries worldwide. Studies on the incidence of NDO in the community are essential for understanding its epidemiology and control, as well as for the appropriate treatment of these infections.ObjectivesIn this study, the incidence of NDO in Tehran, Iran, was compared to the incidence of onychomycoses due to dermatophytes and yeasts.MethodsFrom 2014 through 2015, samples from a total of 1,069 patients with suspected fungal nail diseases, who were referred to three medical mycology laboratories in Tehran, were collected and subjected to direct examination (all samples) and culture (788 samples). Differentiation of the causative agents of onychomycosis was based on microscopic observation of characteristic fungal elements in the nail samples and growth of a significant number of identical colonies on the culture plate.ResultsBased on only direct microscopy, onychomycosis was diagnosed in 424 (39.6%) cases, among which 35.8% were caused by dermatophytes, 32.7% by yeasts, and 29.3% by non-dermatophyte molds (NDMs), while 2.2% were mixed infections. Direct exam was significantly more sensitive than culture for the diagnosis. The most commonly isolated NDMs were Aspergillus spp. (69.3%, n = 52), followed by Fusarium spp. (n = 7). The other isolated species were Paecilomyces spp., Scopulariopsis spp., Acremonium spp., Cladosporium spp., and Chrysosporium spp., with only one case of each.ConclusionsAn increasing frequency of NDO compared to onychomycosis due to other causative agents has been noticeable over the past few years in Iran. This epidemiological data may be useful in the development of preventive and educational strategies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Growing Incidence of Non-Dermatophyte Onychomycosis in Tehran, Iran

Motamedi

Ghasemi

Shidfar

et al. 2016

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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“…Other investigators have also reported high (if not higher) aspergilli isolation rates from nail specimens. An Iranian study reported that aspergilli were isolated from 29.2% of their positive specimens 12 and an Indian study reported an isolation rate of 30%…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-dermatophytic moulds and yeasts as agents of onychomycosis in a Malaysian medical centre

Ding

Rahman

Khaithir

et al. 2017

Bangladesh J Med Sci

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Abstract:Objective: Onychomycosis can be caused by numerous fungi, with geographical and temporal factors influencing the prevalence of the various aetiological agents. We set out to identify and classify the various fungi cultured from the nail clippings of patients diagnosed with onychomycosis in UKM Medical Centre, Malaysia. Methods: This retrospective study involved cases of onychomycosis diagnosed from January 2013 to July 2014. For each fungus, mycological diagnosis was achieved by direct microscopic examination of the nail clipping(s) followed by morphological identification of the fungus following culture on various artificial media. Results: A total of 180 fungal isolates were cultured from the nail clippings of 146 different patients. Non-dermatophytic moulds accounted for most of the fungal isolates (59.8%), followed by yeasts (35.7%) and dermatophytes (4.5%). Overall, Candida was the most frequently isolated fungal genus and Aspergillus was the most frequently cultured mould genus. Out of the three dermatophyte genera, two (Microsporum and Trichophyton) were isolated. Conclusion: In our centre, non-dermatophytic moulds and yeasts are a lot more prevalent as causative agents of onychomycosis than dermatophytes.

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“…While Aspergillus spp. are commonly found on M. domestica (Zarrin et al 2007, Davari et al 2012, Phoku et al 2016), five species isolated here represent the first records: A. deflectus Fennel & Raper, a dermatophyte in dogs that causes otitis externa and paronchyia (Robinson et al 2000); A. ochraceopetaliformis Batista & Maia and A. sydowii Bainier & Sartory, causative agents of onychomycosis (Brasch et al 2009, Nouripour-Sisakht et al 2015); and A. versicolor Vuillemin (Fig. 2B), a prevalent allergen in swine production facilities, that can produce mycotoxins in damp, indoor environments (Engelhart et al 2002, Sabino et al 2012).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…(5, 7)10693.11 Cladosporium cladosporoides Fresen (4)25168175.82Airborne at Texas cattle feedlots (Wilson et al 2002); Flies from horse stables in Germany (Gestmann et al 2012) Cladosporium oxysporum Berkeley & Curtis3532.39Human cutaneous phaeohyphomycosis infections (Gugnani et al 2006) Cladosporium perangustum Bensch et al4472.12 Cladosporium sphaerospermum Penzig1150.68Human respiratory tract infections (Yew et al 2016) Cladosporium tenuissimum Cooke2381.71 Eurotiales Aspergillus sp. (1, 3, 7)2371.67 Aspergillus deflectus Fennel & Raper120.09Canine mycosis (Robinson et al 2000) Aspergillus ochraceopetaliformis Batista et al140.18Onychomycosis (Brasch et al 2009) Aspergillus subramanianii Visagie et al110.05 Aspergillus sydowii Bainier & Sartory1120.54Onychomycosis (Nouripour-Sisakht et al 2015) Aspergillus versicolor Vuillemin270.32Canine aspergillosis (<...>…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungi Isolated From House Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) on Penned Cattle in South Texas

Ysquierdo

Olafson

Thomas³

2017

Journal of Medical Entomology

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Musca domestica L. were collected from cattle diagnosed with bovine ringworm to evaluate the potential of the house fly to disseminate Trichophyton verrucosum E. Bodin, a fungal dermatophyte that is the causative agent for ringworm in cattle. Fungal isolates were cultured from 45 individual flies on supplemented Sabouraud dextrose agar, and isolates were identified using morphological and microscopic approaches. Each isolate was identified further by PCR amplification of the ribosomal DNA locus with fungal-specific primers and subsequent amplicon sequencing. Trichophyton verrucosum was not identified using these approaches. However, 35 different fungal species representing 17 genera were cultured from collected flies, including several species that are allergenic and pathogenic to humans and animals. Several species within the fungal orders Hypocreales, Microascales, Onygenales, Saccharomycetales, Xylaniales, and Agaricales were observed for the first time on house flies. The most frequent fungus recovered was Cladosporium cladosporoides Fresen, which is known to be a ubiquitous, airborne allergen to humans.

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Aspergillus species as emerging causative agents of onychomycosis

Cited by 64 publications

References 30 publications

Growing Incidence of Non-Dermatophyte Onychomycosis in Tehran, Iran

Growing Incidence of Non-Dermatophyte Onychomycosis in Tehran, Iran

Non-dermatophytic moulds and yeasts as agents of onychomycosis in a Malaysian medical centre

Fungi Isolated From House Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) on Penned Cattle in South Texas

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