Aspects of Independent Game Production

Pereira, Leônidas Soares; Bernardes, Maurício Moreira e Silva

doi:10.1145/3276322

Cited by 12 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 37 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Research interest in their work has increased only recently (Diver, 2016;Garda and Grabarczyk, 2016;Crogan, 2018;Pereira and Bernardes, 2018;Freeman et al, 2020;Ruffino, 2021). Similar to other "indie" producer groups, e.g., indie film or music making, also indie game development lacks a clear definition (Garda and Grabarczyk, 2016;Mathews and Wearn, 2016).…”

Section: Empirical Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pricing of Consumer Innovations

Ebbing¹

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Research has documented the importance of consumers as a source of innovation. Consumers primarily innovate out of non-monetary motivations, such as use interest, learning and social rewards. Nonetheless, increasing numbers of consumer innovators are commercializing their work. Rooted in their different motivation to innovate, consumer innovators' pricing decisions may differ systematically from those of commercial firms. The consideration of this background may also affect price evaluations of customers. Investigating these aspects is relevant for (a) consumer innovators, to shape and validate marketing strategies, (b) business administration, to respond to consumer innovators as competitors, and (c) economists, to understand the market impacts of the commercialization of consumer innovations. By fusing extant pricing knowledge with consumer innovation theory, this dissertation investigates (1) how consumer innovators set prices and (2) how customers react to consumer innovation prices. The research questions are answered by two empirical, sequential mixed methods studies.The first study compares firm and consumer innovation prices. A quantitative matchedpair analysis of 4,242 computer games reveals that, compared to firms, consumer innovators systematically set lower prices and align prices more to the provided customer value and less to the incurred development costs. A subsequent interview study with 29 commercializing consumer innovators provides clear support for the explanation that consumer innovators' different motivations to innovate are the reason for the observed differences in price setting.The second study investigates product adoption as a function of price moderated by the presence of a consumer innovation label. An analysis of 2,340 matched pairs of computer games, either commercialized as consumer innovation or not, shows that the source of innovation moderates the inverse U-shaped relationship between price and demand: buyers develop lower reference prices for consumer-developed products. Further, deviations from the reference price have less severe negative consequences on the demand for consumer innovations. Two randomized between-subject experiments with 229 panel participants corroborate the field study's results and validate the theoretical underpinnings.Both studies' findings are scaffolded by numerous robustness checks and auxiliary analyses, including a time-lag analysis and textual content analyses. The results contribute knowledge on the commercialization of consumer innovations by showing that consumer innovators set prices differently than firms and that customers evaluate their offers differently. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed and further research avenues identified. Table of Contents 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Research topic 1.2 Research objectives 1.3 Course of investigation 2 PRICE FUNCTIONS, PRICE SETTING AND PRICE PERCEPTIONS 2.1 Microeconomic market price dynamics 2.2 Price setting strategies and tactics 2.2.1 Cost-based pricing 2.2.2 Value-base...

show abstract

Section: Empirical Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pricing of Consumer Innovations

Ebbing¹

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The second coding pass categorized specific paragraphs in each article as an effort to facilitate cross-referencing and comparing subtopics in the gathered literature. Game Industry (Ernkvist and Ström, 2018;Jørgensen, 2019;Jørgensen et al, 2017;Karlsson et al, 2020;Keogh, 2019;Mirza-Babaei et al, 2016;Pereira and Bernardes, 2018;Seif El-Nasr, 2019;Whitson, 2019) Indie Companies (Jørgensen, 2019;Keogh, 2019;Mirza-Babaei et al, 2016;Pereira and Bernardes, 2018;Seif El-Nasr, 2019;Whitson, 2019) Regional Differences (Ernkvist and Ström, 2018;Karlsson et al, 2020;Keogh, 2019) Company Structure (Ernkvist and Ström, 2018;Jørgensen et al, 2017;Whitson, 2019) Harmful Aspects (Ernkvist and Ström, 2018;Jørgensen, 2019;Pereira and Bernardes, 2018;Whitson, 2019) Management (Berg Marklund et al, 2019;Cohendet and Simon, 2007;Cohendet, 2016;Hodgson and Briand, 2013;Pereira and Bernardes, 2018;Whitson, 2020Whitson, , 2019 Interdisciplinary Management (Cohendet and Simon, 2007;Pereira and Bernardes, 2018;Whitson, 2020) Maintaining Creativity (Cohendet and Simon, 2007;Cohendet, 2016;Pereira and Bernardes, 2018;…”

Section: Content Codingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The managerial focus includes, but is not limited to, topics such as company structure, planning, or balancing creative and technical development aspects (Berg Marklund et al, 2019;Cohendet and Simon, 2007;Cohendet, 2016;Hodgson and Briand, 2013;Pereira and Bernardes, 2018). One recurring aspect in articles with managerial and structural elements is the term Agile, which is used to define an unstructured and flexible work method.…”

Section: Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intricate Collaboration and Technical Integration

2021

Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Interfaces and Human Computer Interaction 2021 and 14th International Confe

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This article presents a literature review of game research that focuses on the interdisciplinary, collaborative, practical and social aspects of game development. It investigates recurring research questions, topics and suggested purpose of current research in order to generate a coherent summary of the state of research and future possibilities. Due to the interdisciplinary, technical and creative nature of game development, it constitutes a broad and complex research field. However, as researchers often approach game development from a specific research field, the interdisciplinary aspects and complexities are set aside. This has created a substantial gap between academia and the game industry. Thus, it has been suggested that an overarching understanding of each element of game development, as well as their interconnectivity is essential to reduce the gap between academia and game industry, and generate research that is beneficial to both sides. The presented literature review focus on research that applies a more overarching approach, in an effort to explore and distinguish key factors and propose future research areas. Based on the gathered data, it is clear that the investigated field is still in an exploratory stage. However, comparison of recurring topics generated indications towards research areas that could potentially be of importance to both industry and academia.

show abstract

“…Freeman and McNeese [6] lift the differences between indie game production and larger production settings in the "mainstream" game industry, highlighting the differences in production and distribution structures, while a mainstream/AAA game development project consists of large teams, having big budgets and a structure including separate func-tions or specific corporate entities handling functions such as marketing or distribution. This is not always the case with indie game development, where Pereira and Bernardes [7] note that the structure of indie development is more flexible, including both the development process and the distribution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Localization Tools in General Purpose Game Engines: A Systematic Mapping Study

Toftedahl

2021

International Journal of Computer Games Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper addresses localization from a game development perspective by studying the state of tool support for a localization work in general purpose game engines. Using a systematic mapping study, the most commonly used game engines and their official tool libraries are studied. The results indicate that even though localization tools exists for the game engines included in the study, the visibility, availability, and functionality differ. Localization tools that are user facing, i.e., used to create localization, are scarce while many are tool facing, i.e., used to import localization kits made outside the production pipeline.

show abstract

Aspects of Independent Game Production

Cited by 12 publications

References 37 publications

Pricing of Consumer Innovations

Pricing of Consumer Innovations

Intricate Collaboration and Technical Integration

Localization Tools in General Purpose Game Engines: A Systematic Mapping Study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About