Aspectos físicos e mentais na qualidade de vida de pacientes com doença de Parkinson idiopática

Abstract

RESUMO: A doença de Parkinson (DP) é um distúrbio crônico e progressivo, caracterizado pela degeneração de neurônios dopaminérgicos da substantia nigra mesencefálica. A lesão das vias subcorticais, em especial a nigro-estriato-palidal, é particularmente comum e ocasiona uma série de sinais e sintomas incapacitantes. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a qualidade de vida (QV) relacionada à saúde de sujeitos com DP e compará-la à de indivíduos controles saudáveis. Foram avaliados 40 sujeitos com idades entre 61 e 83 anos, de ambos os sexos, que foram divididos em dois grupos: grupo Parkinson (n=21), composto por sujeitos com DP idiopática, e grupo controle (n=19), de indivíduos sem distúrbios neurodegenerativos. Para a coleta de dados, foi utilizada a versão brasileira do questionário Brasil SF-36. Os resultados foram analisados estatisticamente, com nível de significância fixado em 1%. Os sujeitos do grupo Parkinson apresentaram escores significativamente mais baixos do que os do grupo controle, tanto no domínio físico quanto no mental, medidos pelo SF-36. Essa baixa QV provavelmente é explicada pela co-ocorrência de fenômenos neurodegenerativos e do sofrimento psíquico gerado pela doença e pelo estigma que ela produz. Abordagens interdisciplinares devem ser estimuladas a pacientes com DP, com o objetivo de melhorar sua qualidade de vida e postergar o declínio físico e mental inerente às condições degenerativas. DESCRITORES: Doença de Parkinson; Perfil de impacto da doença; Qualidade de vida ABSTRACT: Parkinson disease (PD) is a chronic and progressive disorder characterized by degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the mesencephalic substantia nigra. Lesions involving the subcortical pathways, especially the nigro-striato-pallidal path, are particularly common, and cause a series of disabling signs and symptoms. The aim of this study was to analyse the quality of life of individuals with PD and compare them to healthy controls. Forty subjects of both sexes were analysed, aged between 61 and 83, divided into two groups: Parkinson group (n=21), made up of individuals with idiopathic PD; and control group (n=19), of subjects with no neurodegenerative disorder. Data were collected by means of the Brazilian version of the Short Form-36 (SF-36) questionnaire. Data were statistically analysed and the significance level set at 1%. PD group subjects had SF-36 scores significantly lower than control ones, both in physical and mental health domains. Such low, perceived health-related quality of life among PD subjects is probably due to the co-occurrence of the neurodegenerative phenomena and the psychological distress provoked both by the disease itself and the stigma assigned to it. Interdisciplinary approaches should be encouraged to improve the quality of life of PD patients, aiming at postponing the physical and mental decline inherent to this degenerative condition.

Quality of life and swallowing questionnaire for individuals with Parkinson's disease: development and validation

“…Christofoletti et al . () observed that the QOL of subjects with PD is significantly compromised compared with that of healthy controls due to the co‐occurrence of neurodegenerative phenomena – as widely discussed in the literature – and to the psychological suffering caused by the disease and by the stigma it produces.…”

“…The developed instrument was able to differentiate participants with PD from healthy controls with respect to physical, functional and emotional issues related to swallowing and to observe, through direct questions, the negative impact of these issues on the QOL of individuals with PD. Christofoletti et al (2009) observed that the QOL of subjects with PD is significantly compromised compared with that of healthy controls due to the co-occurrence of neurodegenerative phenomenaas widely discussed in the literature -and to the psychological suffering caused by the disease and by the stigma it produces.…”

Pain and Quality of Life in Human T-cell Lymphotropic Virus Type 1-Associated Myelopathy or Tropical Spastic Paraparesis After Home-Based Exercise Protocol: A Randomized Clinical Trial

“…This fact points to the rapid progression of the disease in this population. Although the existence of three distinct clinical groups (rapid, moderate, and slow evolution) is clear from the physical point of view, QOL is much more comprehensive from the perspective of those suffering from degenerative and progressive conditions and involves emotional and social aspects that should not be overlooked in the follow-up of affected patients 32,33 .…”

Homens Com Parkinson: Pesquisa De Percepção Em Produtos De Moda Com Foco No Design Centrado No Humano

“…A partir do estágio 4, o indivíduo passa a necessitar de ajuda constante por apresentar alteração significativa da marcha, bradicinesia e rigidez. No quinto estágio, a pessoa encontra-se inválida, necessitando do auxílio um cuidador (CHRISTOFOLETTI et al, 2009).…”