Aspectos epidemiológicos da AIDS/HIV no Brasil

Guimarães, Mark Drew Crosland; Castilho, Euclides Ayres de

doi:10.1590/s0037-86821993000200006

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…5,15,28,29 In this period, the concepts of "heterosexualization", "feminization", "interiorization" and "pauperization" were constructed, evidencing the spread of this disease in small-and medium-sized cities; 3,9,30 the predominance of heterosexual contact as the main mode of transmission; 5,15,28 the reduction in the male/female ratio, with a growing number of cases among women; 5,30 and the greater inclusion of impoverished groups in the epidemic, characterized by low level of education and professional qualifi cation. 12,13,24,30 These analyses showed the concern to mark the transition in the epidemiological profi le of AIDS, which was characterized by higher incidence in urban centers and certain high-risk groups in the 1980s.…”

Section: Aidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnitude e tendência da epidemia de Aids em municípios brasileiros de 2002-2006

2010

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and 420 (10.0%) of "great magnitude" (mean = 378.7 cases). Cases of "small magnitude" were associated with lower incidence; beginning of the epidemic after 1991; presence of one or two types of transmission; especially heterosexual contact; with occurrences of cases in one or two years of the period; and lower human development index (HDI). Those of a "great magnitude" were associated with larger cities and higher HDI; presence of all types of transmission; beginning of the epidemic between 1980/1991; and trend towards reduction/stabilization, especially due to a decrease in transmission among injecting drug users. Growth of the epidemic was concentrated in "small magnitude" cities, although without signifi cance to the point of changing proportional participation (8.7%) of these cities in the group of cases in Brazil. CONCLUSIONS:The AIDS epidemic remains concentrated in urban centers and the spread of cases to the countryside is characterized by irregular occurrence and small magnitude. Cities with low HDI and exclusive transmission through heterosexual contact showed low capacity of increase and the reduction of the epidemic is especially associated with the decrease in transmission among injecting drug users.

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Section: Aidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnitude e tendência da epidemia de Aids em municípios brasileiros de 2002-2006

2010

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“…A variável que mais discrimina o risco de soropositividade, seja de forma isolada, ou após ajuste com outras variáveis, é o uso de drogas injetáveis. Este não é um achado novo: Guimarães & Castilho 19 , Inciardi et al 20 e Lima et al 8 , dentre outros autores que realizaram estudos no Brasil, já haviam confirmado esta forte associação, que é conhecida em praticamente todos os estudos realizados com este tipo de população no mundo. A importância do achado se refere às características locais e à…”

Section: Análise Dos Dadosunclassified

Fatores de risco para transmissão do HIV em usuários de drogas de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

et al. 2004

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A cross-sectional study with a sample of 420 drug users from Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, was utilized to assess demographic variables, drug use, and risk behaviors for HIV infection. We used the Brazilian version of the Risk Assessment Battery. Overall HIV seropositivity was 22.6%; 39.3% of the subjects infected were at least 30 years old, and 69.5% were males. In the month prior to the interview, 56.8% of the sample had used marijuana, 43.6% had sniffed cocaine, 17.6% had injected cocaine, and 42.4% had used alcohol on a frequent basis. The variables that continued to be associated with HIV infection after logistic regression were age (30 or older) (OR: 2.89; 95%CI: 1.17-7.12), having less than seven years of schooling (OR: 2.10; 95%CI: 1.02-4.36), having a monthly family income of less than one minimum wage, or approximately U$90 (OR: 2.89; 95%CI: 1.32-6.32), and having injected drugs (OR: 5.18; 95%CI: 1.32-6.32). Seroprevalence in this sample is considered high, particularly since 70.0% of the sample reported no prior drug injection. Variables associated with HIV infection are similar to the national and international literature and agree with the theoretical model of risk behavior proposed by the first author.

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“…Studies in the 90's [2][3][4] decreased this bias as they identified a modification towards a trend of dissemination of HIV in the heterosexual and bisexual populations, contributing, therefore, to a greater democratization of preventive efforts; they also highlighted how little understood these modes of sexual transmission were when compared to the modes admitted today. Thus, the concept of 'risk groups' gave place to that of 'risk situations', to which, theoretically, any subject could be exposed in varied intensities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptation and validation of a questionnaire about risk behaviors for AIDS among drug users

Pechansky

Hirakata²,

Metzger

2002

Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr.

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Objectives: To initiate the process of validation of an instrument based on an American self-reported questionnaire named RAB (Risk Assessment Battery) -- called CRA in its Brazilian version --, which covers aspects related to drug use, HIV testing, sexual behavior and concern with the transmission of the virus. The questionnaire was back-translated and its concurrent validity was tested, as well as the utility of an Overall Risk Score (ORS) for the transmission of the HIV virus or of subscores for Drug Use (SDU) or Sexual Risk (SSR). Methods: Case vignettes of ten typical cases had their questionnaire scores compared with the impression of independent referees. Results: There were systematic differences in the comparison with the specific referees for each area, suggesting that only the ORS has clinical validity, specifically regarding the exposure to risk of infection/reinfection by HIV. Conclusion: The questionnaire in its current use and format is not adequate to express impairment already caused by exposure to the virus. The specific subscores were not clinically valid to express such risk, and the instrument needs the addition of a more comprehensive section about intravenous drug use to be used in future studies.

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Aspectos epidemiológicos da AIDS/HIV no Brasil

Cited by 6 publications

References 11 publications

Magnitude e tendência da epidemia de Aids em municípios brasileiros de 2002-2006

Magnitude e tendência da epidemia de Aids em municípios brasileiros de 2002-2006

Fatores de risco para transmissão do HIV em usuários de drogas de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

Adaptation and validation of a questionnaire about risk behaviors for AIDS among drug users

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