Aspectos clínicos da intoxicação experimental pelas favas de Stryphnodendron fissuratum (Leg. Mimosoideae) em caprinos

Mendonça, Fábio de Souza; Evêncio-Neto, Joaquim; Estevão, Lígia Reis Moura; Melo, Lúcio Esmeraldo Honório de; Freitas, Sílvio Henrique de; Arruda, Laura Peixoto de; Boabaid, Fabiana M.; Colodel, Edson M.

doi:10.1590/s0100-736x2010000300003

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Sinais clínicos do surto e dos bovinos intoxicados experimentalmente foram semelhantes aos descritos em intoxicações espontâneas [5] e experimentais nessa e em outras espécies [1,13,18]. Outros sinais descritos como mugidos prolongados, midríase, tremores de cabeça e pescoço, timpanismo [18], fezes ressequidas com muco, salivação, edema de barbela [5], regurgitação e bruxismo [5,18] não foram observados nos animais deste trabalho.…”

Section: O Diagnóstico Da Intoxicação Espontânea Porunclassified

“…Reproduziu-se fotossensibilização hepatógena em um dos bovinos do experimento e esta foi a manifestação observada na maioria dos animais do surto natural, ocorrendo em 71,15% dos bovinos intoxicados. Esse sinal clínico não foi reproduzido em experimentos anteriores em bovinos [5] e caprinos [2,13] e em relatos anteriores estima-se que ocorra em 20% dos animais afetados [5]. Considerando as lesões macroscópicas e histológicas no fígado observadas nos casos espontâneos [5] e experimentais [5,16] e também aquelas observadas neste estudo, pode-se considerar que a fotossensibilização na intoxicação por S. fissuratum é de origem hepatógena.…”

Section: O Diagnóstico Da Intoxicação Espontânea Porunclassified

“…O S. fissuratum, em experimentos, demonstrou-se tóxico para bovinos [5,18], caprinos [2,13] e porquinhos-da-índia [12], mas não reproduziu lesões de fotossensibilização em nenhuma das espécies citadas [2,5,13,18].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Photosensitization in Cattle Caused by Spontaneous and Experimentally Ingestion of Stryphnodendron fissuratum

Lazaro

Bacha

Pupin³

et al. 2018

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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Background: Stryphnodendron fissuratum is a tree from the Brazilian Cerrado. Its fruit is toxic to cattle and can cause clinical digestive signs, hepatogenous photosensitization, and abortion. Cases of poisoning in cattle, goats and guinea pigs have been experimentally reproduced; however, photosensitization could not be reproduced. The aim of this work was to describe an outbreak of natural poisoning and experimental reproduction in cattle, both with hepatogenous photosensitization.Materials, Methods & Results: Its described and natural outbreak and an experimental poisoning. In the outbreak, three bovines in the acute phase and three in the chronic phase were examined. Blood samples were collected from all of these animals in order to measure serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), urea, and creatinine. The first three animals underwent necropsy and histopathological evaluation. The experiment was conducted with two nine-month-old calves that received an oral paste made with crushed S. fissuratum fruits mixed with water. These fruits were collected at a farm at which cattle poisoning cases had occurred. Blood samples were collected in order to measure serum levels of AST, GGT, urea, and creatinine, before plant administration and then daily during the experimental period. Skin biopsies were taken before plant administration and new one after the first signs of skin lesions. The natural outbreak affected 52 of 160 bovine (31 calves and 21 cows) in the lot. Two calves and 14 cows died. Clinical signs consisted of depression, ataxia, incoordination, behavioral changes, decubitus, and death. One animal that died and 36 others that recovered had photodermatitis. Necropsy findings in the animals consisted of bad corporal condition, pale kidneys, evidence of liver lobular pattern, dry rumen contents, and full bladder. In two animals, fruit seeds were found in the rumen, and one animal had ulcers and transmural edema in the abomasum. Microscopically, mild to moderate renal tubular distension, accumulation of proteinaceous material in lumen with mild to moderate swelling, and epithelial necrosis. In the liver, swelling of hepatocytes and moderate bile stasis was detected. Enzymes values in all evaluated bovines were higher than those considered normal for the species. Experimentally, both calves became ill and one died. The clinical signs were apathy, inappetence, wobbling, weight loss, and goosebumps. One of them had jaundice, tearing, photophobia, ear skin detachment, and ulcers at the muzzle, nostrils and ventral face of the tongue. This animal was euthanized in extremis, and the necropsy findings showed generalized jaundice, evidence of increased liver lobular pattern, thick bile, pale kidneys, and esophageal, tongue, and epiglottal ulcers. Microscopically, the lesions were similar to those described during the natural outbreak. The skin biopsy from the calf that recovered showed perivascular edema and mild eosinophilia.Discussion: The diagnosis was made based on clinical signs, necropsy findings, histopathological lesions, and epidemiological analysis. Experimentally, the plant was toxic at the administered doses. Photosensitization was the most common clinical sign during the natural outbreak and until now, has never been experimentally reproduced. Based on histopathological lesions observed in this study, we can consider that is from hepatogenous origin. The results showed that the kidney lesions have an important role during the pathogenesis caused by this poisoning and during disease evolution.

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Section: O Diagnóstico Da Intoxicação Espontânea Porunclassified

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Photosensitization in Cattle Caused by Spontaneous and Experimentally Ingestion of Stryphnodendron fissuratum

Lazaro

Bacha

Pupin³

et al. 2018

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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“…Nessa espécie, provoca uma doença severa, cujos índices de morbidade e letalidade variaram de 0,9 a 25% e de 15 a 100%, respectivamente . A morte dos animais ocorre principalmente por complicações decorrentes de úlceras multifocais no abomaso, hemorragias gastrintestinais e necrose hepática (Rodrigues et al 2005, Mendonça et al 2010.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Avaliação da toxicidade das favas de Stryphnodendron fissuratum (Mimosoideae) em vacas gestantes

et al. 2013

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Pesq. Vet. Bras. 33(5):607-612, maio 2013 607 RESUMO.-Com o objetivo de avaliar a toxicidade de diferentes concentrações das favas de Stryphnodendron fissuratum em vacas prenhes, as favas desta árvore foram moídas, misturadas à ração comercial e fornecidas a oito vacas nas doses totais de 6,5g/kg, 7,5g/kg, 9g/kg e 10g/kg. Os animais que receberam doses de 6,5g/kg pariram bezerros normais e aqueles que receberam 7,5g/kg pariram bezerros fracos que não sobreviveram. Doses de 9g/kg resultaram no nascimento de um bezerro imaturo e de outro bezerro com distiquíase, opacidade congênita das córne-as e microftalmia. To evaluate the toxicity of different concentrations of pods of Stryphnodendron fissuratum to pregnant cows, the pods of this tree were grounded, mixed in a commercial food and given to eight pregnant cows in total doses of 6.5g/kg, 7.5g/kg, 9g/kg and 10g/kg. The animals that received doses of 6.5g/kg delivered normal calves and those that received 7.5g/kg delivered weak calves that did not survive. Doses of 9g/kg resulted in the birth of an immature calf and another with congenital bilateral distichiasis, corneal opacity, and microphthalmia. Both cows that ingested 10g/kg died, and one of these aborted before death. In the dead cows, the gross and histological lesions of the digestive system and liver were similar to those previously described in S. fissuratum poisoning. No significant lesions were observed in the calves and in the aborted fetus. The phytochemical analysis of methanol extracts from pods of S. fissuratum revealed the presence of soluble tannins, proanthocyanidins, leucoanthocyanidins and the triterpenoid saponin β-amyrin. Triterpenoid saponins had been associated with the toxicity of Stryphnodendron spp. and Enterolobium spp., which cause clinical signs similar to those observed in the poisoning by S. fissuratum. The results presented herein confirmed the toxicity of S. fissuratum to bovines. However, the abortive effects of this plant was not confirmed; thus because the abortion and neonatal deaths could be due to the toxicity of the pods to the cows. New research should be done to demonstrate if S. fissuratum is a cause of malformations similar to those observed in one of the calves born from the treated cows.

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Stryphnosides G–P, 10 new triterpene glycosides from the pericarps of Stryphnodendron fissuratum

Yokosuka

Okabe

Tatsuno

et al. 2016

Carbohydrate Research

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Aspectos clínicos da intoxicação experimental pelas favas de Stryphnodendron fissuratum (Leg. Mimosoideae) em caprinos

Cited by 6 publications

References 15 publications

Photosensitization in Cattle Caused by Spontaneous and Experimentally Ingestion of Stryphnodendron fissuratum

Photosensitization in Cattle Caused by Spontaneous and Experimentally Ingestion of Stryphnodendron fissuratum

Avaliação da toxicidade das favas de Stryphnodendron fissuratum (Mimosoideae) em vacas gestantes

Stryphnosides G–P, 10 new triterpene glycosides from the pericarps of Stryphnodendron fissuratum

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