Asociaciones entre la red social y la discapacidad al comienzo de la vejez en las ciudades de Madrid y Barcelona en 2005

Bravo, Miguel Ángel Escobar; González, María Dolores Puga; Martín, Montserrat

doi:10.1590/s1135-57272008000600005

Cited by 19 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…This finding is similar to those from other studies that show that having several sources of support is associated with an improved state of health among older adults [6,13,33,34]. Conversely, people in good states of health tend to have several sources of support.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…This finding is consistent with previous studies that have stressed that the inability to carry out BADL and IADL increases as the diversity of the social network decreases [13] and greater instrumental support is related to greater risk of functional disability [37,41]. It is important to offer support that stimulates the older adults, while respecting their initiative to carry out activities that they are capable of performing without help, and to identify those for which they need assistance.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…TSNs have a differential effect on the health of older adults. Older adults within a restricted network decline in their physical function and overall health status [11-13] and show increased rates of mortality [14-16] and depression [17], whereas individuals related to a diverse network have longer life expectancy and better health status.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Social network types and functional dependency in older adults in Mexico

et al. 2010

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BackgroundSocial networks play a key role in caring for older adults. A better understanding of the characteristics of different social networks types (TSNs) in a given community provides useful information for designing policies to care for this age group. Therefore this study has three objectives: 1) To derive the TSNs among older adults affiliated with the Mexican Institute of Social Security; 2) To describe the main characteristics of the older adults in each TSN, including the instrumental and economic support they receive and their satisfaction with the network; 3) To determine the association between functional dependency and the type of social network.MethodsSecondary data analysis of the 2006 Survey of Autonomy and Dependency (N = 3,348). The TSNs were identified using the structural approach and cluster analysis. The association between functional dependency and the TSNs was evaluated with Poisson regression with robust variance analysis in which socio-demographic characteristics, lifestyle and medical history covariates were included.ResultsWe identified five TSNs: diverse with community participation (12.1%), diverse without community participation (44.3%); widowed (32.0%); nonfriends-restricted (7.6%); nonfamily-restricted (4.0%). Older adults belonging to widowed and restricted networks showed a higher proportion of dependency, negative self-rated health and depression. Older adults with functional dependency more likely belonged to a widowed network (adjusted prevalence ratio 1.5; 95%CI: 1.1-2.1).ConclusionThe derived TSNs were similar to those described in developed countries. However, we identified the existence of a diverse network without community participation and a widowed network that have not been previously described. These TSNs and restricted networks represent a potential unmet need of social security affiliates.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Social network types and functional dependency in older adults in Mexico

et al. 2010

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“…& Smith, 2008). Existen evidencias de que la existencia de una red social adecuada podría influir en la modificación de las estrategias de afrontamiento, en la integración o participación social y en el incremento de la motivación, actuando como un posible predictor de discapacidad en la vejez (Escobar et al, 2008;Mella et al, 2004;Stefani, 2004). El apoyo social percibido no solo influiría en el bienestar al proporcionar estabilidad emocional, atención y protección de otros (Bozo et al, 2009;Domínguez et al, 2001), sino que también permitiría al individuo un mayor control percibido, sentirse productivo y tener un sentido en la vida (Azpiazu et al, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…La primera evalúa la cantidad de vínculos o relaciones que establece el individuo con su red social, que correspondería al apoyo social recibido. En tanto la segunda se centra en la existencia de relaciones significativas y la evaluación o apreciación subjetiva que realiza el individuo de la adecuación del apoyo que recibe, correspondería al apoyo social percibido (Barra, 2004;Escobar, Puga & Martín, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Bienestar Psicológico, Apoyo Social Percibido y Percepción de Salud en Adultos Mayores

Vivaldi¹,

Barra²

2012

Ter Psicol

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ResumenEste estudio tuvo como objetivo examinar las relaciones entre el bienestar psicológico, el apoyo social percibido y la percepción de salud en adultos mayores. La muestra estuvo constituida por 250 personas, 146 mujeres y 104 hombres, con edades entre 60 y 87 años (promedio de 70,8 años) de la ciudad de Concepción (Chile). Los resultados mostraron que el bienestar psicológico presentaba mayores relaciones con el apoyo social percibido que con la percepción de salud, que los hombres informaron mayor bienestar psicológico y mejor percepción de salud que las mujeres y que las personas casadas o con pareja estable informaron mayor bienestar psicológico y mayor apoyo social percibido que aquellas sin pareja estable. Se proponen diversos factores explicativos para los resultados obtenidos.Palabras clave: Bienestar psicológico, apoyo social, adultos mayores AbstractThis study examined the relationship between psychological well-being, perceived social support and health perception in older adults. The participants were 250 males and females with mean age of 71 years, from Concepción (Chile). The results showed that psychological well-being had a higher relationship with perceived social support than with health perception, that males reported higher psychological well-being and better health perception than females, and that married participants reported higher psychological wellbeing and higher perceived social support than participants without a partner. Diverse explanatory factors for obtained results are proposed. Keywords: Psychological well-being, social support, older adults Correspondencia: La correspondencia relacionada con este artículo debe ser enviada a

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Protective effects of social networks on disability among older adults in Spain

Bravo

González²,

Martı́n-Baranera

2012

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics

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The loss of autonomy at advanced ages is not only associated with ageing, but also with the characteristics of the physical and social environment. Recent investigations have shown that social networks, social engagement and participation act like predictors of disability among the elderly. The aim of this study is to determine whether social networks are related to the development and progression of disability in the early years of old age. The source of data is the first wave of the survey "Processes of Vulnerability among Spanish Elderly", carried out in 2005 to a sample of 1244 individuals. The population object of study is the cohort aged 70-74 years in metropolitan areas (Madrid and Barcelona) and not institutionalized. Disability is measured by the development of basic activities of daily life (ADL), and instrumental activities of daily life (IADL). The structural aspects of the social relationships are measured through the diversity of social networks and participation. We used the social network index (SNI). For each point over the SNI, the risk of developing any type of disability decreased by 49% (HR=0.51, 95%CI=0.31-0.82). The SNI was a decisive factor in all forecasting models constructed with some hazard ratios (HR) that ranged from 0.29 (95%CI=0.14-0.59) in the first model to 0.43 (95%CI 0.20-0.90) in the full model. The results of the present study showed a strong association between an active social life, emotional support provided by friends and confidents and disability. These findings suggest a protective effect of social networks on disability. Also, these results indicate that some family and emotional ties have a significant effect on both the prevalence and the incidence of disability.

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Asociaciones entre la red social y la discapacidad al comienzo de la vejez en las ciudades de Madrid y Barcelona en 2005

Cited by 19 publications

References 52 publications

Social network types and functional dependency in older adults in Mexico

Social network types and functional dependency in older adults in Mexico

Bienestar Psicológico, Apoyo Social Percibido y Percepción de Salud en Adultos Mayores

Protective effects of social networks on disability among older adults in Spain

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