Asian Variability in Performance Rating Modesty and Leniency Bias

Barron, Laura G.; Sackett, Paul R.

doi:10.1080/08959280802137754

Cited by 23 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…As age increased, Chinese children rated modest lies increasingly more positively and immodest truths less positively, whereas the Canadian children's evaluations remained constantly highly negative for lying and highly positive for truth telling about one's own good deeds. Further studies (Barron & Sackett, 2008; Fu, Xu, Cameron, Heyman, & Lee, 2007; Heyman et al ., 2009; Lee et al ., 2001) replicated this modesty effect with children in Taiwan, Japan, and US, and also documented similar developmental differences.…”

mentioning

confidence: 64%

Chinese children's moral evaluation of lies and truths—roles of context and parental individualism–collectivism tendencies

Brunet

Yin

et al. 2010

Infant and Child Development

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The present study examined Chinese children’s moral evaluations of truths and lies about one’s own pro-social acts. Children ages 7, 9, and 11 were read vignettes in which a protagonist performs a good deed and is asked about it by a teacher, either in front of the class or in private. In response, the protagonist either tells a modest lie, which is highly valued by the Chinese culture, or tells an immodest truth, which violates the Chinese cultural norms about modesty. Children were asked to identify whether the protagonist’s statement was the truth or a lie, and to evaluate how ‘good’ or ‘bad’ the statement was. Chinese children rated modest lies more positively than immodest truths, with this effect becoming more pronounced with age. Rural Chinese children and those with at least one nonprofessional parent rated immodest truths less positively when they were told in public rather than in private. Furthermore, Chinese children of parents with high collectivism scores valued modest lies more than did children of parents with low collectivism scores. These findings suggest that both macro- and micro-cultural factors contribute significantly to children’s moral understanding of truth and lie telling.

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confidence: 64%

Chinese children's moral evaluation of lies and truths—roles of context and parental individualism–collectivism tendencies

Brunet

Yin

et al. 2010

Infant and Child Development

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“…One reason for this may be the cultural environment of Japan, where humility is a highly valued characteristic. This can be seen in the research; for instance, while Western research consistently finds that people tend to give higher job performance selfratings in relation to their supervisor and peer ratings, Japanese workers were found to rate themselves lower than others in their organization did [36]. Self-assessments may be affected by not only the driver educational system, but also by the cultural background of the candidates.…”

Section: Comparison To Earlier Studies In Europementioning

confidence: 81%

Comparing the self-assessed and examiner-assessed driving skills of Japanese driving school students

Nakai

Usui

2012

IATSS Research

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a b s t r a c tPrevious research about subjective driving skills has revealed that drivers, especially younger males, tend to rate their driving skills more highly than those of the average driver. This study examines the accuracy of Japanese novice drivers' self-evaluation of their driving skills by comparing their self-assessments with assessments made by a driving examiner. We also examined the effects of gender and age on the accuracy of driver selfevaluation of their skills. A sample of Japanese driving test candidates (n= 2021) completed a self-assessment using a 5-point scale applied to 19 items. The candidates completed the assessment shortly after passing their practical driving test conducted at a driving school. Their performance was also assessed by an examiner who used the same scale. The comparison between self-assessment and examiner-assessment revealed that around 40% of Japanese driving school students made a realistic assessment of their skills. With regard to the gender differences, although males displayed higher levels of overconfidence than females did, the differences were not as large as earlier studies with questionnaires had suggested. Furthermore, the effect of age on the accuracy of novice drivers' skill assessment was found to be relatively small. Our findings, which are based on a comparison of subjective assessments of driving skills between examiners and novices, instead of a questionable method which relies on a comparison with a hypothetical average driver, suggest that the majority of candidates in fact do not overrate their own skills. These results were discussed from the viewpoint of the driver education system and compared to other European research using the same framework.

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“…Whatever the source, such cultural influences in values and behavior should play out in the job interview (Bond, Leung, & Wan, 1982). The East Asian self-presentation style would encourage deference and modesty in line with greater power distance and relationship-oriented values (Barron & Sackett, 2008). By comparison, the Western presentation style tends to encourage self-promotion, assertiveness, and independence, consistent with agentic and economic-oriented values (Elliot, Chirkov, Kim, & Sheldon, 2001;Xin & Tsui, 1996).…”

Section: Role Of Culturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…One lesson for applicants is that the job interview is a special situation in which active self-presentation is expected. An applicant who fails to do so will be at a distinct disadvantage (Barron & Sackett, 2008;Campbell & Roberts, 2007). However, neither self-promotion nor ingratiation can be used indiscriminately.…”

Section: Applicantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Self‐presentation style in job interviews: the role of personality and culture

Paulhus

Westlake

Calvez

et al. 2013

J Applied Social Pyschol

109

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Chronic self‐promoters may thrive in job interviews where such behavior is encouraged. In Study 1, 72 participants were videotaped as they simulated the job applicant role. Accountability was manipulated by the expectation of expert versus nonexpert interviewers. As accountability increased, self‐promotion tended to decrease among non‐narcissists but increase among narcissists. Ingratiation showed no interaction or main effects. In Study 2, 222 raters evaluated applicant videos varying in narcissism (high vs. low) and ethnicity (European heritage vs. East Asian heritage). Chronic self‐promoters (i.e., European‐heritage narcissists) were given the most positive evaluations. Detailed behavior analyses indicated that the narcissism advantage was derived primarily from frequent self‐praise and the European‐heritage advantage from use of active ingratiation tactics. In sum, self‐presentation styles that pay off in the (Western) interview context are highly selective.

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Asian Variability in Performance Rating Modesty and Leniency Bias

Cited by 23 publications

References 21 publications

Chinese children's moral evaluation of lies and truths—roles of context and parental individualism–collectivism tendencies

Chinese children's moral evaluation of lies and truths—roles of context and parental individualism–collectivism tendencies

Comparing the self-assessed and examiner-assessed driving skills of Japanese driving school students

Self‐presentation style in job interviews: the role of personality and culture

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