Asia's post-crisis regionalism: bringing the state back in, keeping the (United) States out

The political economy of regional integration in East Asia

“…For more details on this point, seeBowles (2002) orBeeson (2003). In this respect, the recent move is more in line with Malaysia's initiative in the early 1990s to set up an East Asian Economic Caucus excluding the US.…”

“…1 In other words, in contrast to the European experience, de facto regional integration remained unmatched by de jure integration 2 in this part of the world. Over the past few years, a number of analysts (Munakata 2004;Urata 2006;Bowles 2002) have pointed to signs of a paradigm shift from market-led to institution-based regional economic integration in East Asia, with the rise of the ASEAN?3 grouping (including the ASEAN 10 member countries, China, Japan and Korea) as a key development.…”

Contested regional orders and institutional balancing in the Asia Pacific

“…Not only did the United States insist on imposing conditions on the financial packages from the World Bank and the IMF, the former also rejected Japan's proposal of establishing an Asian Monetary Fund, seen as Asia's self-help effort addressing the financial turmoil (Webber, 2001;Stubbs, 2002). Therefore, regional resentment toward US arrogance and indifference directly led to the establishment of the APT in 1998 (Bowles, 2002). The APT originally aimed at promoting regional economic cooperation and coordination between Southeast Asian countries and three East Asian states, China, Japan and South Korea.…”

Le pouvoir des plus faibles

“…Cela entraîna l'exclusion des puissances occidentales de la région Asie-Pacifique du processus de l'APT 42 . Cela montre aussi à quel point l'APT se veut une tentative régionale de dévelop-per des solutions adaptées aux vulnérabilités communes des États d'Asie de l'Est, loin des normes des puissances occidentales 43 . Elle met entre autres en lumière la prise de conscience par les chefs politiques et économiques de la région que le succès économique de l'Asie du Nord-Est et celui de l'Asie du Sud-Est sont intrinsèquement liés 44 .…”