Ash alkalinity of animal and plant products

Abstract

The export of farm produce from farming systems results in the removal of excess cations over anions from the soil. This removal of bases from the soil will eventually cause an increase in the acidity of the soil. Ash alkalinity data for a range of farm products are presented in this paper and lime replacement values calculated. Of produce from mixed farming enterprises in north-eastern Victoria, hay required the greatest amount of lime (270-1260 kg CaCO3/ha.year) to replace lost alkali from the soil. By comparison, removal of cereal produce required much less lime (7-20 kg CaCO3/ha.year) to replace lost alkali, as did removal of wool and lamb (0.8 and 6.0 kg CaCO3/ha.year respectively). Management strategies that include a lime replacement value for exported farm produce should be considered in overall farm management strategies to reduce soil acidification.

Effects of biochar and/or dolomitic limestone application on the properties of Ultisol cropped to maize under glasshouse conditions

“…The ash content was measured by heating 1 g of ground biochar at 2008C for 1 h, followed by another 4 h of heating in a muffle furnace at 5008C (Slattery et al 1991). After cooling at room temperature, the sample was removed and weighed immediately, and this weight was considered as the ash mass of the biochar.…”

Assessing agricultural soil acidification and nutrient management in life cycle assessment

“…The acidification potential as a result of grazing behaviour in sheep varies across regions from 9 to 25 kg CaCO 3 /ha/year (Slattery et al 1991;Cayley et al 2002). These data were used in the model where relevant to the supply chains.…”

“…Nitrate leaching is one of the primary causes of soil acidification and is accounted for in both the nutrient management and fertiliser application components of the soil acidification model. For each kilomole of H + remaining in the soil following nitrate leaching it is assumed that 50 kg of CaCO 3 is required to neutralise the acidifying effect (Slattery et al 1991).…”

Mobilidade de íons em solo ácido com aplicação de calcário, ácido orgânico e material vegetal em superfície

“…O teor de Cl foi determinado por eletrodo seletivo após agitação de uma suspensão com 500 mg de material vegetal e 25 mL de água destilada. A alcalinidade vegetal foi mensurada indiretamente, dissolvendo-se o material vegetal calcinado em solução de HCl 0,1 mol L -1 e titulando-se o excesso de acidez com solução de NaOH 0,1 mol L -1 (Slattery et al, 1991 O segundo experimento, com o mesmo delineamento, tinha oito tratamentos, com três repetições: (T1) testemunha, (T2) calcário, (T3) material vegetal de aveia-preta + calcário, (T4) solução de ácidos orgâni-cos equivalente ao T3 + calcário, (T5) solução de sais neutros equivalente ao T3 + calcário, (T6) material vegetal de nabo forrageiro + calcário, (T7) solução de ácidos orgânicos equivalente ao T6 + calcário e (T8) solução de sais neutros equivalente ao T6 + calcário, totalizando 24 colunas.…”

“…(3) Titulação das cinzas com NaOH após adição de HCl em excesso (Slattery et al, 1991). por meio de 150 mL de eluente, quantidade suficiente para o solo atingir a capacidade máxima de retenção de água (307 mL kg -1 ), sem provocar escoamento. Os tratamentos testemunha ou somente com calcário receberam 150 mL de água destilada como eluente.…”