Ascending pathways from the nucleus of the solitary tract to the subfornical organ in the rat

Tanaka, Junichi; Hayashi, Yasushi; Shimamune, Satoru; Nomura, Masahiko

doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(97)01211-0

Cited by 21 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…SFO neurons also receive afferent inputs primarily derived from lateral hypothalamus (29,53), median preoptic nucleus (29), lateral parabrachial nucleus (22), and nucleus tractus solitarius (52,57).…”

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confidence: 99%

Microarray analysis of the transcriptome of the subfornical organ in the rat: regulation by fluid and food deprivation

Hindmarch

Fry²,

Yao³

et al. 2008

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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We have employed microarray technology using Affymetrix 230 2.0 genome chips to initially catalog the transcriptome of the subfornical organ (SFO) under control conditions and to also evaluate the changes (common and differential) in gene expression induced by the challenges of fluid and food deprivation. We have identified a total of 17,293 genes tagged as present in one of our three experimental conditions, transcripts, which were then used as the basis for further filtering and statistical analysis. In total, the expression of 46 genes was changed in the SFO following dehydration compared with control animals (22 upregulated and 24 downregulated), with the largest change being the greater than fivefold increase in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression, while significant changes in the expression of the calcium-sensing (upregulated) and apelin (downregulated) receptors were also reported. In contrast, food deprivation caused greater than twofold changes in a total of 687 transcripts (222 upregulated and 465 downregulated), including significant reductions in vasopressin, oxytocin, promelanin concentrating hormone, cocaine amphetamine-related transcript (CART), and the endothelin type B receptor, as well as increases in the expression of the GABA(B) receptor. Of these regulated transcripts, we identified 37 that are commonly regulated by fasting and dehydration, nine that were uniquely regulated by dehydration, and 650 that are uniquely regulated by fasting. We also found five transcripts that were differentially regulated by fasting and dehydration including BDNF and CART. In these studies we have for the first time described the transcriptome of the rat SFO and have in addition identified genes, the expression of which is significantly modified by either water or food deprivation.

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confidence: 99%

Microarray analysis of the transcriptome of the subfornical organ in the rat: regulation by fluid and food deprivation

Hindmarch

Fry²,

Yao³

et al. 2008

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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“…Tanaka et al (27) demonstrated from electrical stimulation of the A1 area in the rat that adrenergic excitatory neuronal inputs to the SFO are mediated mainly through ␣-adrenoceptors (27) and suggested that the pathways may transmit information from peripheral baroreceptors (25). The results of microdialysis experiments suggest that the NA level in the region of the SFO changes with blood pressure (26).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The peripheral baroreceptor information may be transmitted from the nucleus of the solitary tract to the SFO through ␣-adrenoceptors (16,25). Further, microinjection of NA into the SFO increases water intake (17).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Activation of subfornical organ neurons in rats through pre- and postsynaptic α-adrenoceptors

Honda

Ono²,

Kataoka³

et al. 2006

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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(NA) and its analogs on subfornical organ (SFO) neurons in rat slice preparations were investigated by using whole cell patch-clamp recording. In the current-clamp mode, the application of NA at 10 -100 M produced membrane depolarization (63%, 17 responsive neurons/27 neurons tested) and hyperpolarization (22%, 6/27 neurons). In the voltage-clamp mode, NA application at 1-100 M produced inward currents (69%, 42/61 neurons) and outward currents (23%, 14/61 neurons). These currents remained in the presence of TTX or both glutamate and GABA receptor antagonists. In most of the neurons (25/31 neurons) showing inward currents in the presence of NA, the membrane conductance was not changed by voltage ramps or hyperpolarizing pulse stimulation. Similar responses were obtained by the application of the ␣ 1-agonist phenylephrine. The phenylephrineinduced inward currents were inhibited by the ␣1-antagonist prazosin. The ␣ 2-agonist clonidine decreased the frequency of spontaneous GABAergic inhibitory postsynaptic currents (4/10 neurons). In addition, RT-PCR assay and immunohistochemical staining showed the existence of ␣ 1-adrenoceptors in the SFO. The results suggest that SFO neurons in rats are activated postsynaptically through ␣ 1-adrenoceptors and that the activation is enhanced by suppressing GABAergic inhibitory synaptic inputs through presynaptic ␣ 2-adrenoceptors. patch clamp; slice preparation; noradrenaline THE SUBFORNICAL ORGAN (SFO), which juts ventrally from the hippocampal commissura into the third cerebral ventricle, is a circumventricular organ. The SFO receives various neural inputs from brain regions, whereas it lacks a blood-brain barrier and has an abundant vascular supply (for a review, see Ref. 14). From these properties, the SFO has been thought to possess various sensors for neurotransmitters and blood-and cerebrospinal fluid-borne substances, and subsequently to control body fluid balance and the cardiovascular system (for reviews, see Refs. 8 and 15). In fact, angiotensinergic, cholinergic, and hypertonic activation of SFO neurons elicits water intake (23) and vascular responses, and increases vasopressin release from the posterior pituitary (11,12). Noradrenaline (NA), which is released from catecholaminergic fibers and the adrenal medulla, may be one of such bioactive substances affecting SFO neurons. The catecholaminergic neurons in the A1 and A2 areas of the medulla project directly to various brain regions, including the SFO (3, 10). The NA level in the region of the SFO is increased by hemorrhage, whereas it is decreased by an elevation in arterial pressure (26). The peripheral baroreceptor information may be transmitted from the nucleus of the solitary tract to the SFO through ␣-adrenoceptors (16, 25). Further, microinjection of NA into the SFO increases water intake (17). Thus NA at the level of the SFO may play an important role in the regulation of cardiovascular function and body fluid homeostasis. However, little is known about whether the SFO neurons themselves are directly affec...

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“…Афферентные проекции в СФО также посылают нейроны нижней части ядра одиночного пути [57] и каудальной вентролатеральной области продолговатого мозга [4,5,35,55,60].…”

Section: нейронные связи сфоunclassified

Morphofunctional Organization of the Subfornical Organ

Sokolov

Alexeeva

Nikityuk

et al. 2023

Žurnal anatomii i gistopatologii

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This review contains literature data covering the structure and functions of the subfornical organ (SFO). The SFO belongs to the sensory group of formations located around the III and IV ventricles and constituting the circumventricular system of the brain. Despite its small size, the SFO has four departments, which differ from each other in the features of cyto-, myelo-, and angioarchitectonics. The structural features of the blood-brain barrier in the SFO allow many substances to directly contact with its cellular elements. A distinctive feature of the SFO is that circulating substances can stay in the capillaries for an unusually long time. Perivascular spaces, located around type I and III capillaries, penetrate the organ like thin channels and provide the substances in the interstitial fluid with a large surface area for interacting with the receptor field. A characteristic feature of the SFO is tanycytes, whose intertwining processes extend throughout the organ and form multiple contacts with neurons and the vascular bed. SFO is an important link in the regulation of homeostasis. It takes part in the regulation of blood pressure and drinking behavior, controls the water and electrolyte balance and energy metabolism, and also acts as an important link in neuro-immune interactions. Such structural and functional features of the SFO make it a promising object of neurobiological research.

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Ascending pathways from the nucleus of the solitary tract to the subfornical organ in the rat

Cited by 21 publications

References 20 publications

Microarray analysis of the transcriptome of the subfornical organ in the rat: regulation by fluid and food deprivation

Microarray analysis of the transcriptome of the subfornical organ in the rat: regulation by fluid and food deprivation

Activation of subfornical organ neurons in rats through pre- and postsynaptic α-adrenoceptors

Morphofunctional Organization of the Subfornical Organ

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