Asaia bogorensis gen. nov., sp. nov., an unusual acetic acid bacterium in the alpha-Proteobacteria.

Abstract

Eight Gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped and peritrichously flagellated strains were isolated from flowers of the orchid tree (Bauhinia purpurea) and of plumbago (Plumbago auriculata), and from fermented glutinous rice, all collected in Indonesia. The enrichment culture approach for acetic acid bacteria was employed, involving use of sorbitol medium at pH 35. All isolates grew well at pH 30 and 30 SC. They did not oxidize ethanol to acetic acid except for one strain that oxidized ethanol weakly, and 035 % acetic acid inhibited their growth completely. However, they oxidized acetate and lactate to carbon dioxide and water. The isolates grew well on mannitol agar and on glutamate agar, and assimilated ammonium sulfate for growth on vitamin-free glucose medium. The isolates produced acid from D-glucose, D-fructose, L-sorbose, dulcitol and glycerol. The quinone system was Q-10. DNA base composition ranged from 593 to 610 mol % GMC. Studies of DNA relatedness showed that the isolates constitute a single species. Phylogenetic analysis based on their 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the isolates are located in the acetic acid bacteria lineage, but distant from the genera Acetobacter, Gluconobacter, Acidomonas and Gluconacetobacter. On the basis of the above characteristics, the name Asaia bogorensis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed for these isolates. The type strain is isolate 71 T (l NRIC 0311 T l JCM 10569 T ).

Planomonospora corallina sp. nov., isolated from soil

“…HPLC was carried out using a Shimadzu LC-6AD apparatus equipped with a Cosmosil 5C 18 -AR column (4.6Â150 mm; Nacalai Tesque). The 16S rRNA gene was amplified by PCR as described by Yamada et al (2000) and Katsura et al (2001). The PCR product for the 16S rRNA gene was sequenced by Macrogen (Korea) using universal primers.…”

Saccharibacter floricola gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel osmophilic acetic acid bacterium isolated from pollen

“…The novel isolate, strain S-877 T , showed not only high osmotolerance but also a requirement for very high glucose levels, growing in the range 5-40 % (w/v), with an optimum at 10 % (w/v) glucose. In contrast, growth of the known 'osmotolerant' species such as Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus and Asaia bogorensis was inhibited by increased glucose concentrations, although both species were able to grow in the presence of 30 % (w/v) glucose (Gillis et al, 1989;Yamada et al, 2000). The other isolates (S-1009 and S-1019) showed growth profiles similar to that of strain S-877 T (data not shown).…”

“…Phenotypic characteristics were examined principally according to Asai et al (1964) and Yamada et al (1976Yamada et al ( , 2000. The three isolates showed rather acidophilic growth, the pH range for growth of all three strains being 4?0-7?5 with an optimum between pH 5?0 and 7?0.…”

“…Acetic acid bacteria are currently assigned to six genera in the family Acetobacteraceae, namely Acetobacter, Gluconobacter, Acidomonas, Gluconacetobacter, Asaia and Kozakia, which can be differentiated by means of phenotypic and chemotaxonomic properties (Yamada et al, 2000;Lisdiyanti et al, 2002). On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, these bacteria are affiliated to a group of acidophilic bacteria in the a-subclass of the Proteobacteria (Sievers et al, 1994).…”

Identification of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria from the bamboo rhizosphere

“…DNA coding for 16S rRNA regions was amplified by means of PCR with Taq polymerase [13][14][15] . A PCR product for sequencing 16S rDNA regions was prepared by using the following two primers, 20F (5 -GAG TTT GAT CCT GGC TCA G-3 , positions 9-27 on 16S rDNA by the E. coli numbering system) 16 and 1500R (5 -GTT ACC TTG TTA CGA CTT-3 , position 1509-1492 on 16S rDNA by the E. coli numbering system) 16 .…”