Artisanal fisheries production in the coastal zone of Itaipu, Niterói , RJ, Brazil

Abstract

A B S T R A C TArtisanal fisheries in the coastal zone of Itaipu-RJ play an important role in the local market, but little is known about production and productivity of the fisheries. From April 2001 to March 2003, we monitored a total of 618 landings from the beach-seine (99), the gill nets ("corvineira" -331, "linguadeira" -40 and "rede alta" -25), the hook and line (98), the squid jigging (17), and the spear fishing and trap fisheries (five and three, respectively). The total monitored production was 21866 kg and the catch per unit effort (CPUE) 35.4 kg.trip -1 . Considering the number of effective fishing days and the average daily production per fishing gear, the annual production was estimated at 136687 kg (0.2% of the state's production in 2004). Predominant resources were: Micropogonias furnieri, Trichiurus lepturus, squids (Loligo spp.), clupeiform fishes (Sardinella brasiliensis, Cetengraulis edentulus, Pellona harrowerii and Harengula clupeola), Eucinostomus spp., Cynoscion spp., Menticirrhus spp., Caranx crysos and Selene setapinnis. The combined analysis using hierarchical and non-hierarchical classification methods, separated four fishing gears and five species groups, based on their similarity patterns, identifying gears that most effectively capture the different fish groups. The beach-seine was less selective and most productive fishery in the summer. The "corvineira" was the second most productive fishery with higher yields in the summer and fall. Catches of "linguadeira" included rays and Paralychthys spp., wherereas the "rede alta" caught primarily M. furnieri, Mugil spp. and sharks. R E S U M OAs pescarias artesanais na zona costeira de Itaipu-RJ desempenham um papel importante no mercado local, mas pouco se conhece sobre a produção e a produtividade da pesca. De abril-2001 a março-2003, nós monitoramos um total de 618 desembarques das pescarias de arrastos-de-praia (99), de redes de emalhe (corvineira -331, linguadeira -40 e rede alta -25), de linha-e-anzol (98), de zangareio (17), e de arpão e puçá (cinco e três respectivamente). A produção monitorada total foi de 21866 kg e a captura por unidade de esforço (CPUE) de 35,4 kg.viagem -1 . Considerando o número de dias efetivos de pesca e a produção média diária por arte de pesca, a produção anual foi estimada em 136687 kg (0.2% da produção do estado em 2004). Os recursos predominantes foram: Micropogonias furnieri, Trichiurus lepturus, lulas (Loligo spp.), peixes clupeiformes (Sardinella brasiliensis, Cetengraulis edentulus, Pellona harrowerii e Harengula clupeola), Eucinostomus spp., Cynoscion spp., Menticirrhus spp., Caranx crysos e Selene setapinnis. A análise combinada utilizando métodos de classificação hierárquica e não-hierárquica separou quatro grupos de artes de pesca e cinco de espécies, baseada nos seus padrões de similaridade, identificando as artes de pesca que melhor capturam os diferentes grupos de recursos pesqueiros. O arrasto-de-praia foi a arte de pesca menos seletiva e mais produtiva no verão. A corvineira foi a segunda p...

Marine protected area and the spatial distribution of the gill net fishery in Copacabana, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

“…Similar fishing gear has been described in the fishing villages of Itaipu (CPZ8) (Tubino et al, 2007) and Arraial do Cabo (CPZ5) (Britto, 1999), suggesting that such gill nets are predominant among artisanal fishers targeting similar resources. Fishers hold the traditional local ecological knowledge (LEK) about their fishery, linking the comprehension of natural changes and environmental states (e.g., passage of frontal systems, swell, tidal movements, bottom type, habits of certain species of fish, etc) to make prognosis on where and how to set their gear to realize a specific catch (Lima and Pereira, 1997).…”

“…Micropogonias furnieri) are distributed across sandy bottom fishing spots, or that such spots are more readily accessible to fishers most of the time. For instance, the artisanal fishery at Itaipu (CPZ8) concentrates its gill net fishing effort over similar sandy bottom habitats, capturing mostly M. furnieri (Tubino et al, 2007;Monteiro-Neto et al, 2008).…”

Reef fish community structure on three islands of Itaipu, Southeast Brazil

“…Species such as Haemulon steindachneri, Orthopristis ruber and Diplodus argenteus are frequently captured by local artisanal fishers with hook and line or gill nets near the reefs (Tubino et al, 2007). The blenny, Parablennius pilicornis, was the dominant species at all sites, probably reflecting the shallow and sheltered habitat characteristics (Schofield, 2003).…”

“…Nevertheless, the low density and absence of natural predators, such as groupers and large piscivores, may probably lead to a greater abundance of small bleniid fishes. Large- sized fishes were nearly absent from the sites, but occurred sporadically in the local artisanal fisheries landings (Tubino et al, 2007), suggesting that fishing pressure reduced their abundance in more accessible and protected sites at the islands. Floeter et al (2006) provided evidence that fishing pressure on target species leads to unbalanced reef fish communities, with a possible reduction of top-down control mechanisms.…”

Ownership of fishing areas and use of fishing resources by artisanal fishermen in a pond in southern Brazil

“…Regarding the captured volume, it is higher compared to the estimated in the Amazon that fisherman catch between 15 and 40 kg per day (Mitlewski et al, 1999). In Niterói (RJ) was estimated that 34.5 kg per day for artisanal fishermen (tuBino et al, 2007) and 18.9 kg per day in the dam Billings (SP) (Silva et al, 2009).…”