Artificial Neural Network Control of Battery Energy Storage System to Damp-Out Inter-Area Oscillations in Power Systems

Abstract

This paper proposed an ANN (Artificial Neural Network) controller to damp out inter-area oscillation of a power system using BESS (Battery Energy Storage System). The conventional lead-lag controller-based PSSs (Power System Stabilizer) have been designed using linear models usually linearized at heavy load conditions. This paper proposes a non-linear ANN based BESS controller as the ANN can emulate nonlinear dynamics. To prove the performance of this nonlinear PSS, two linear PSS are introduced at first which are linearized at the heavy load and light load conditions, respectively. It is then verified that each controller can damp out inter-area oscillations at its own condition but not satisfactorily at the other condition. Finally, an ANN controller, that learned the dynamics of these two controllers, is proposed. Case studies are performed using PSCAD/EMTDC and MATLAB. As a result, the proposed ANN PSS shows a promising robust nonlinear performance.Energies 2019, 12, 3372 2 of 13 which are linearized at the heavy load and light load condition respectively. And then it is verified that each controller can damp out inter-area oscillations at its own condition but not satisfactorily at the other condition. Finally, an ANN controller, that learned the dynamics of these two controllers is proposed. Case studies are performed using PSCAD/EMTDC and MATLAB.As a result, the proposed ANN PSS shows a promising robust nonlinear performance. Although mathematical analysis of the internal mechanism of ANN is impossible, the result implies the application of ANN will be promising in power system control problems. Lead Lag Controller for Damping Inter-Area Mode in 2 Area 4 Machine Benchmark ModelThe power system of each country is different in size and composition, and the inter-area oscillation occurs very rarely. As shown in Figure 1, the structure of the IEEE 2Area-4Machine Benchmark model has a small and simple structure but it is well suited for the study using real power system parameters [2]. Therefore, many researchers are publishing the results of research based on the IEEE benchmark model. In order to implement a case study, the test of the power system with an inter-area mode was constructed by using the PSCAD/EMTDC. And detailed parameters used in PSCAD/EMTDC are described in Appendix A.In this paper, the proposed controller is compared with the conventional controller. As shown in Figure 2, the inter-area oscillation can be confirmed from simulation results when a three-phase ground fault occurs at 1 [sec] (duration of fault is 0.

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