Artificial Intelligence Technologies in Neurosurgery: a Systematic Literature Review Using Topic Modeling. Part II: Research Objectives and Perspectives

Abstract

The current increase in the number of publications on the use of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in neurosurgery indicates a new trend in clinical neuroscience. The aim of the study was to conduct a systematic literature review to highlight the main directions and trends in the use of AI in neurosurgery. Methods. Using the PubMed search engine, 327 original journal articles published from 1996 to July 2019 and related to the use of AI technologies in neurosurgery, were selected. The typical issues addressed by using AI were identified for each area of neurosurgery. Results. The typical AI applications within each of the five main areas of neurosurgery (neuro-oncology, functional, vascular, spinal neurosurgery, and traumatic brain injury) were defined. Conclusion. The article highlights the main areas and trends in the up-to-date AI research in neurosurgery, which might be helpful in planning new scientific projects.

The future of artificial intelligence in neurosurgery: A narrative review

“…[ 50 ] Another thing to consider is no matter how advanced AI gets, it does not possess human consciousness to take responsible and informed decisions. [ 13 ]…”

“…[50] Another thing to consider is no matter how advanced AI gets, it does not possess human consciousness to take responsible and informed decisions. [13] It is recommended to verify and certify AI-based systems for the safety of the patient, and also, AI system failures on patients must be minimized. Another future challenge is to annotate targets, such as sometimes, it is difficult for even the neurosurgeons to recognize the anatomical structures.…”

The Classification of Short Scientific Texts Using Pretrained BERT Model

“…The dataset for experiments was initially obtained from the PubMed search engine while performing a systematic review of artificial intelligence (AI) applications in neurosurgery in July 2019 [5,6]. The exact search query to PubMed implied a broad definition of artificial intelligence: ("neurosurgical procedures" OR "neurosurgery") AND ("artificial intelligence" OR "machine learning" OR "natural language processing" OR "NLP" OR "text mining" OR "fuzzy logic" OR "data mining" OR "big data" OR "topic model").…”