Artificial Intelligence and the Public Sector—Applications and Challenges

Abstract

Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) have attracted great attention from researchers and practitioners and have opened up a broad range of beneficial opportunities for AI usage in the public sector. Against this background, there is an emerging need for a holistic understanding of the range and impact of AI-based applications and associated challenges. However, previous research considers AI applications and challenges only in isolation and fragmentarily. Given the lack of a comprehensive overview of AI-based applications and challenges for the public sector, our conceptual approach analyzes and compiles relevant insights from scientific literature to provide an integrative overview of AI applications and related challenges. Our results suggest 10 AI application areas, describing their value creation and functioning as well as specific public use cases. In addition, we identify four major dimensions of AI challenges. We finally discuss our findings, deriving implications for theory and practice and providing suggestions fo r future research.

Contributions and Risks of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Building Smarter Cities: Insights from a Systematic Review of the Literature

“…AI applications are used to improve and innovate the delivery of public services [28]. Various cities have begun 'robotic process automation' (RPA) projects.…”

Artificial Intelligence for Governance in India: Prioritizing the Challenges using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)

“…On one hand, AI applications in governance are considered to increase efficiency and effectiveness in service delivery (Eggers et al, 2017). On the other hand, the implementation of AI is accompanied by issues and challenges related to security, privacy, and unemployment (Wirtz et al, 2018). Boyd and Wilson (2017) pointed out that assuring safe and secure performance of AI is one of the important risk factors which should be considered while executing AI driven solutions.…”

“…Pertaining to the challenges associated with AI law and regulations, Bostrom and Yudkowsky (2014) opine that responsible and beneficial governance of AI is one of the long-term issues of AI, as it is associated with a wide variety of legal issues concerning data, infrastructures and human beings. Wirtz et al (2018) proposed four major dimensions of AI challenges in public sector, including AI technology implementation, AI law and regulation, AI ethics, and AI society. Sun and Medaglia (2017) summarized the challenges of AI in healthcare services in seven dimensions, namely social challenges; economic challenges; ethical challenges; legal and policy related challenges; organizational challenges; data challenges; and technological challenges.…”

Impacts of Artificial Intelligence on Public Administration: A Systematic Literature Review

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