Artificial insemination of the queen bee (Apis mellifera L.): Morphological basis and results

Section: -Median and Lateral Oviductsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomy and Histology of the Genital Tract, Spermatheca, Spermathecal Duct and Glands of Apis Mellifica Queens (Hymenoptera : Apidae)

Camargo¹,

Mello²

1970

“…We used a rack and pinion syringe slide after Ruttner et al (1974) (Laidlaw, 1949;Ruttner et al, 1974;Laidlaw und Lorenzen, 1977). Meist wird die Stachelkammer mit zwei Haken offen gehalten (Nolan, 1932(Nolan, , 1937a, einem Ventralhaken und einem Dorsal-oder Stachelhaken (Laidlaw, 1944 (Laidlaw, 1944(Laidlaw, , 1977Mackensen und Roberts, 1948;Ruttner, 1975;Schley, 1983;Harbo, 1985;Moritz, 1989 (Kühnert, 1989(Kühnert, , 1991 (Nolan, 1932(Nolan, ,1937aLaidlaw, 1944) pour introduire (éventuellement avec l'aide d'une sonde) la seringue d'insé-mination dans l'ouverture vaginale (Laidlaw, 1944(Laidlaw, , 1977Mackensen et Roberts, 1948 ;Ruttner, 1975 ;Schley, 1983 ;Harbo, 1985). De Kühnert, 1989Kühnert, , 1991 (fig 1 B, 1 + 2) avec une perforation oblique de 6 mm (3) qui aboutit à une perforation latérale où arrive le CO 2 (4).…”

Section: Insemination Equipmentunclassified

Simplified apparatus for instrumental insemination of queen bees with the 'flexible insemination technique'

Laidlaw

1994

Summary — With the usual insemination method the sting chamber is kept open by two hooks and the sting retracted with the dorsal hook (sting hook). With the new apparatus, and the 'flexible' insemination technique, hook supports are no longer required. The sting is simply grasped by a pair of forceps and pulled up to create a large opening into which the insemination syringe can be easily inserted. The sternite is kept in place by a small hook attached to the queen holding tube. In 10 pairs of queens inseminated with either the classical (A) or the new (B) method, no differences were found in the number of spermatozoa that reached the spermatheca. Queens inseminated with 5 μl semen had 2.7 + 0.3 million (A; n = 6), and 2.8 + 0.9 million (B; n = 6) spermatozoa in the spermatheca. With 10 μl semen the average was 4.7 + 1.0 million (A; n = 4), and 4.9 + 1.4 million (B; n = 4) spermatozoa in the spermatheca. Size and costs of the equipment are significantly reduced and the insemination routine becomes faster.

“…The technique has been much improved since W ATSON (1927) first demonstrated that the idea of instrumentally inseminated queens was practical. Improvements in technology (L AIDLAW , 1944) and instrumentation (W ATSON , 1929, N OLAN , 1932, M ACKENSEN and R OBERTS , 1948 Test : During the first week of the study, egg viability was measured by caging each queen overnight (4 p.m. to 8 a.m.) on an empty comb enclosed in a queen excluder. The following morning the queens were released, and the number of eggs counted.…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…

SUMMARY (L AIDLAW , 1944) and instrumentation (W ATSON , 1929, N OLAN , 1932, M ACKENSEN and R OBERTS , 1948

…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Diet on the Rate of Brood Rearing by Naturally and Instrumentally Inseminated Queens

Herbert¹

1980