Artículos de Revisión

Abstract

This paper summarizes the main features of review articles in medical topics. Articles can be classified as narrative reviews, systematic reviews or meta-analysis. Narrative reviews are appropriate to update etiology, pathophysiology or clinical aspects of diseases, and advances in basic and preclinical sciences. In systematic reviews the authors define its purpose, limit its scope, describe the literature search, define the inclusion and exclusion criteria adopted to select primary studies, and the criteria applied to assess the quality of their results and conclusions. Meta-analysis are quantitative, statistically analysed systematic reviews that consider mainly primary studies conducted prospectively with simultaneous randomized controls, pooling the data obtained from each of these primary studies in order to get a single estimate of effect. Systematic analysis and meta-analysis are important to evaluate new diagnostic and therapeutic tools, and they are most relevant to evidence-based medicine, mainly for the design of clinical guidelines and the adoption of new health care policies. Review articles published in Revista Médica de Chile were compared in one or two-year periods separated by ten years in between: in the "2001 period" 26 reviews were all narrative; in the "2010 period" 30 reviews were narrative and another 4 were systematic reviews; in the "2019 period" 14 reviews were narrative and another 7 were systematic reviews. No meta-analysis had been published in these periods, in this journal. Meta-analysis including primary studies performed in Chile by Chilean investigators have been published in English language in other medical journals. The educational and professional role of review articles is recognised, with a word of caution on a strict adherence to ethical rules adopted by scientific and clinical publications, mainly with respect to authorship and potential conflicts of interest.

The Impact of COVID-19 on the Teaching Work: From Face-to-Face to Virtual

“…In this investigation, a review of the literature was carried out analyzing the impact of COVID-19 on the virtuality of work, social and family life and on the mental health of teachers; identifying what is known about the subject, what has already been investigated and the aspects that would be missing (Reyes, 2020).…”

Factores de riesgos sociales que intervienen en la ocurrencia de accidentes de tránsito con vehículos livianos

“…Se realizó una revisión descriptiva (Reyes, 2020), con ella se propuso destacar términos útiles sobre los factores de riesgos que intervienen en la ocurrencia de los accidentes de tránsito. La investigación conllevó el desarrollo de una amplia búsqueda bibliográficas por ello fueron revisadas las siguientes bases de datos: Google Académico (https:// scholar.google.es), PubMed (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.…”

COVID-19 y comportamiento psicológico: revisión sistemática de los efectos psicológicos de las pandemias del siglo XXI

“…Dos son los factores que impactan psicológicamente en la población: (a) la percepción de más o menos riesgo de la integridad física y psicológica propia y de la comunidad, las organizaciones y los grupos sociales, por la enfermedad pandémica y (b) la alteración del ciclo vital de las personas. Estos afectan negativamente la satisfacción vital 6 , la salud mental [6][7][8][9][10][11] , los hábitos de vida 8 , el funcionamiento de las organizaciones 17-28-23 y de los grupos sociales . El análisis de los estudios empíricos revisados permitió clasificar el impacto psicológico de una pandemia en las dimensiones: a) emocional; b) cognitiva; c) conductual; d) salud mental; e) organizacional; f) psicosocial.…”