Articular Geometry of the Glenohumeral Joint

Soslowsky, Louis J.; Flatow, Evan L.; Bigliani, Louis U.; Mow, Van C.

doi:10.1097/00003086-199212000-00023

Cited by 281 publications

(207 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

174

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…[7]. These two geometric parameters were however not investigated in the present study, since only average values were tested [6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A first circle was fitted to the glenoid bone, resulting in a radius of 30 mm. The second circle, representing the articular side, was chosen to have a radius 2 mm greater than radius of the humeral head [6,7], and was positioned to set the cartilage thickness in the middle of the glenoid at 2 mm [6]. These two circles were then limited in the superior and inferior part by two radius lines, forming an angle of 66 degrees [16].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ball-socket assumption is based on the observation that, on average, the glenoid and humeral articular surfaces are almost spherical and congruent, e.g. [6]. It is also justified by the limited translation ranges observed in cadaver [7] or in vivo studies [8][9][10], although larger translation ranges were also observed [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

An algorithm to allow humerus translation in the indeterminate problem of shoulder abduction

Terrier

Vogel

Capezzali

et al. 2008

Medical Engineering & Physics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The shoulder is one of the most complex joints of the human body, mainly because of its large range of motion, but also because of its active muscular stabilisation. Actually, the numerous stabilizing muscles and degrees of freedom yield indeterminate biomechanical models. To solve this indeterminate, most models use reverse dynamics with a simplified ball-socket joint, preventing therefore the natural humerus translation. In this paper, an algorithm was specifically developed to solve the indeterminate problem by a feedback control of muscle activation, allowing the natural humerus translation. Abduction was considered in the scapular plane, accounting for the three deltoid parts and the rotator cuff muscles. The major aim of this study was to validate the numerical algorithm, which was here restricted to two-dimensions in order to compare the numerical solution to a known algebraic one. This comparison gave a relative error below 0.1%. The joint reaction force was comparable to other models and the humerus translation was in agreement with in vivo or in vitro studies.

show abstract

“…[7]. These two geometric parameters were however not investigated in the present study, since only average values were tested [6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

An algorithm to allow humerus translation in the indeterminate problem of shoulder abduction

Terrier

Vogel

Capezzali

et al. 2008

Medical Engineering & Physics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The model was then scaled so as to set the radius of the humeral head to 24 mm, for future comparison purpose. The articular cartilage was reconstructed from general anatomical observations: an elliptical surface was fitted at the bony side (McPherson et al, 1997), while the articular side was represented by a spherical surface with a radius of 26 mm, which was positioned in such a way that the thickness in the middle was 2 mm (Soslowsky et al, 1992a). Muscles were modelled partly by 3D volumes and by cables (Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of supraspinatus deficiency on humerus translation and glenohumeral contact force during abduction

Terrier

Reist

Vogel

et al. 2007

Clinical Biomechanics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background. Supraspinatus deficiency is the most frequent and important problem associated to rotator cuff pathologies. It reduces shoulder stability and can lead to osteoarthritis. The goal of this study was to develop a numerical model of the shoulder to analyse the biomechanical consequences of this pathology.Methods. A 3D finite element model of the shoulder was developed from a normal cadaver specimen. It included the scapula, the humerus and the major abduction muscles. Instead of the usual ball-socket assumption, which prevents the natural translation of the humerus, shoulder stability was actively achieved by muscles. A feedback algorithm was developed to synchronise muscle forces during abduction. The numerical algorithm was validated against an algebraic model, and the calculated muscle moment arms were compared to the literature. Two cases were considered: a normal shoulder and the same one without supraspinatus.Findings. For the normal shoulder, the model predicted the initial upward migration of the humeral head. The maximal humerus translation occurred at 30°of abduction and was 0.75 mm above its ideal centered position. Without supraspinatus, it was 1.6 times higher and the contact point in the glenoid fossa was more eccentric. For the normal shoulder, the maximal glenohumeral force was 81% of the body weight, at 82°of abduction. Without supraspinatus, it increased by 8%, while the increase of muscle forces was 30%.Interpretation. Supraspinatus deficiency increased the upward migration of the humerus, the eccentric loading, and the joint and muscle forces, which may cause a limitation of active abduction and degenerative glenohumeral changes (osteoarthritis and the rotator cuff tear).

show abstract

“…Soslowsky et al showed that the glenohumeral articular surfaces have the same radii within 2 mm in 88% and within 3 mm in every case; they suggested that the joint surfaces might be approximated by a section of a sphere with small deviations of less than 1% of the radius and that the subchondral surfaces are similar in curvature to the corresponding cartilage surfaces [16]. The subchondral bone is usually well defined on the gradient echo images and it is easy to fit a circle and use its centre as the centre of the head.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%