Arthropods as Vectors

Bogitsh, Burton J.; Carter, Clint E.; Oeltmann, Thomas N.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-415915-0.00018-2

Cited by 14 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Passive dispersal involves mediation by outside forces, such as the movement of water, wind, soils, animal vectors or other microbes, and active dispersal is driven by organismal intrinsic traits, i.e., motility and response to chemical signalling or chemotaxis [39]. Therefore, the arrival of chytrids, and other pathogens, in rock basins and the surrounding environment, may occur following a random (stochastic) pattern, mediated by abiotic, mechanical mechanisms such as wind [73] and phoresis [74], but may also be the consequence of a deterministic process when collective traits, such as spore formation, active movement and dormancy can select groups of microbes, making them better suited for dispersal [39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of DNA Sequences from Pathogenic and Potentially Pathogenic Eukaryotic Microorganisms in Protected Granite Mountain Rocks

et al. 2023

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Rain-fed mountain granite rock basins are temporary habitats conditioned by a fluctuating environment and the unpredictability of precipitation or flooding rates. These small highland freshwater habitats remain largely unexplored at the microbial level. The aim of this work is to report the presence in these habitats of genetic sequences of microbial eukaryotes that are pathogens and potential pathogens of humans, wildlife, cattle, crops as well as of other microorganisms. We sequenced the hypervariable region v4 of the 18S rDNA gene from environmental DNA of sediments taken from 21 rock basins in a National Park in Spain. More than a fifth (21%) of the eukaryotic Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) found are ascribed to pathogenic (within 11 Phyla) and potential pathogenic (within 1 phylum, the Chytridiomycota) microorganisms. Some OTUs retrieved are of agro-economic and public health importance (e.g., Pythium spp., Lagenidium spp., Candida spp. and Vermamoeba vermiformis). In 86% of the basins, the most abundant OTUs were affiliated to Chytridiomycota, a broad fungal group including saprozoic and parasitic taxa. Two OTUs affiliated to chytrids were significantly correlated with high concentrations of heavy metals. The high proportion of chytrid-like microbial sequences found emphasises the role of these freshwater habitats for adding knowledge regarding the ecological trade-offs of the still rather unknown Chytridiomycota. Our results show that rain-fed rock basins may be model habitats for the study and surveillance of microbial community dynamics and genetics of (mainly opportunistic) microbial pathogens.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of DNA Sequences from Pathogenic and Potentially Pathogenic Eukaryotic Microorganisms in Protected Granite Mountain Rocks

et al. 2023

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“…Many parasites cause various extremely prevalent and severe diseases [71,72] . These diseases generally occur in tropical and subtropical regions, mainly affecting children [73–75] .…”

Section: Development Of Trypanocidal Agents Using C−h Bond Functional...mentioning

confidence: 99%

C−H Functionalized Molecules: Synthesis, Reaction Mechanism, and Biological Activity

et al. 2023

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Replacement of traditionally unreactive CÀ H bond with CÀ C or CÀ X (X=Hetero atom) has emerged as one of the widely accepted methods over the last few decades for the synthesis of complex organic molecules which can act as important intermediates for the synthesis of biologically active compounds. Selective functionalization of the CÀ H bond especially in the presence of a more reactive CÀ H bond has remained one of the biggest challenges for synthetic organic chemists. The hybridization state of the CÀ H bond, substitution pattern, and presence of directive groups are some of the factors which have been exploited by researchers over the years for achieving fruitful results. A considerable amount of work has been reported in the literature on the use of metal catalysts for CÀ H bond functionalization leading to the formation of a CÀ M (carbon-metal) bond which is also known as CÀ H bond activation. This review aims to summarize various synthetic strategies reported for the CÀ H functionalization, which has led to the development of targeted complex molecules with medicinal properties.

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“…In older age groups, the infection rate is lower due to the development of hygienic habits (13). Children at school, especially those engaged in group activities, have higher rates of infection (14). Human-tohuman transmission is common among family members as well as among those living in various…”

Section: Enterobiasismentioning

confidence: 99%

E. Vermicularis – Prospects for Future Research

Kaneva

Harizanov²,

Tsvetkova³

et al. 2023

Probl Infect Parasit Dis

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Enterobius vermicularis is an intestinal parasite with a cosmopolitan distribution and the disease which causes (enterobiasis) is one of the most common helminth infection worldwide. According to literature data it affects nearly 1 billion people and is found in various socio-economic groups. Everyone is susceptible to infection, but children are more often affected than adults due to their poorly developed hygiene habits. Patients with enterobiasis are often reinfected which together with the high endurance of the pinworm eggs in the environment contributes to the difficult control of the disease. In recent decades, a number of studies have been conducted on the genotypic characteristics of the nematode, including sequencing, which accumulates data on phylogenetic varieties of the species to improve the diagnosis and control of this infection in humans.The available data reveal influence of E. vermicularis on the local immunity of intestinal mucosa in infected individuals, but these data are scarce and contradictory and do not clarify the significance of this influence on the clinical manifestations of the disease. Additional studies are needed to define the relationship of this effect with the clinical symptoms of the disease.

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Arthropods as Vectors

Cited by 14 publications

References 3 publications

Diversity of DNA Sequences from Pathogenic and Potentially Pathogenic Eukaryotic Microorganisms in Protected Granite Mountain Rocks

Diversity of DNA Sequences from Pathogenic and Potentially Pathogenic Eukaryotic Microorganisms in Protected Granite Mountain Rocks

C−H Functionalized Molecules: Synthesis, Reaction Mechanism, and Biological Activity

E. Vermicularis – Prospects for Future Research

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