Arsenic in the environment—risks and management strategies

Naidu, Ravi; Bhattacharya, Prosun

doi:10.1007/s10653-008-9243-0

Cited by 32 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Groundwater of several river basins of South Asia has been found to be contaminated by As above the WHO drinking water guideline of 10 g/L Bhattacharya et al, 1997Bhattacharya et al, , 2002aBhattacharya et al, ,b, 2011Bhattacharya et al, , 2014Nickson et al, 1998;Smedley and Kinniburgh, 2002;Chatterjee et al, 2003;Hasan et al, 2007Hasan et al, , 2009aMcArthur et al, 2001;Ahamed et al, 2006;Nath et al, 2008aNath et al, , 2009Kumar et al, 2010;Naidu and Bhattacharya, 2009). Although the source of As is mostly geogenic and its release in groundwater is a result of natural processes, several studies in recent years have shown that As release has been accentuated by human activities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogeochemical controls on mobilization of arsenic in groundwater of a part of Brahmaputra river floodplain, India

Mahanta

Enmark

Nordborg

et al. 2015

Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogeochemical controls on mobilization of arsenic in groundwater of a part of Brahmaputra river floodplain, India

Mahanta

Enmark

Nordborg

et al. 2015

Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies

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“…Arsenic is a highly toxic metalloid that occurs in the natural environment either through natural processes (volcanic eruption, mineral activities) or by anthropogenic activities (use of pesticides, fertilizers, industrial activities and agricultural practices) [1,2]. Arsenic exists in different forms in the environment (organic and inorganic), but arsenate [As(V)] and arsenite [As(III)] are two predominant inorganic forms that are toxic to cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discerning the role of a functional arsenic-resistance cassette in the evolution and adaptation of a rice pathogen

et al. 2021

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Arsenic is highly toxic element to all forms of life and is a major environmental contaminant. Understanding acquisition, detoxification and adaptation mechanisms in bacteria that are associated with the host in arsenic-rich conditions can provide novel insights into the evolutionary dynamics of host–microbe–environment interactions. In the present study, we have investigated an arsenic-resistance mechanism acquired during the evolution of a particular lineage in the population of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, which is a serious plant pathogen infecting rice. Our study revealed the horizontal acquisition of a novel chromosomal 12 kb ars cassette in X. oryzae pv. oryzae IXO1088 that confers high resistance to arsenate/arsenite. The ars cassette comprises several genes that constitute an operon induced in the presence of arsenate/arsenite. Transfer of the cloned ars cassette to X. oryzae pv. oryzae BXO512, which lacks the cassette, confers an arsenic-resistance phenotype. Furthermore, the transcriptional response of X. oryzae pv. oryzae IXO1088 under arsenate/arsenite exposure was analysed using RNA sequencing. Arsenic detoxification and efflux, oxidative stress, iron acquisition/storage, and damage repair are the main cellular responses to arsenic exposure. Our investigation has provided insights into the existence of a novel detoxification and adaptation mechanism within the X. oryzae pv. oryzae population to deal with high-arsenic conditions outside the rice plant.

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“…Arsenic is a highly toxic heavy metal that occurs in the natural environment either through natural processes (volcanic eruption, mineral activities) or by anthropogenic activities (use of pesticides, fertilizers, industrial activities, and agricultural practices) (Zhu et al, 2014) (Naidu and Bhattacharya, 2009). Arsenic exists in different forms in the environment (organic and inorganic), but arsenate [As(V)] and arsenite [As(III)] are two predominant inorganic forms that are toxic to the cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discerning role of a functional arsenic resistance cassette in evolution and adaptation of a rice pathogen

Kaur

Rana

Saroha

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Arsenic (As) is highly toxic element to all forms of life and is a major environmental contaminant. Understanding acquisition, detoxification, and adaptation mechanisms in bacteria that are associated with host in arsenic-rich conditions can provide novel insights into dynamics of host-microbe-microenvironment interactions. In the present study, we have investigated an arsenic resistance mechanism acquired during the evolution of a particular lineage in the population of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), which is a serious plant pathogen infecting rice. Our study revealed the horizontal acquisition of a novel chromosomal 12kb ars cassette in Xoo IXO1088 that confers high resistance to arsenate/arsenite. The ars cassette comprises several genes that constitute an operon induced in the presence of arsenate/arsenite. Transfer of cloned ars cassette to Xoo BXO512 lacking it confers arsenic resistance phenotype. Further, the transcriptional response of Xoo IXO1088 under arsenate/arsenite exposure was analyzed using RNA sequencing. Arsenic detoxification and efflux, oxidative stress, iron acquisition/storage, and damage repair are the main cellular responses to arsenic exposure. Our investigation has provided novel insights in to how a pathogenic bacterium is coping with arsenic-rich unique micro-environments like seen in rice growing in submerged water conditions.Impact statementArsenic accumulation in rice is a serious and unique agronomic issue. Arsenic contaminated groundwater used for irrigation purposes is adding to the accumulation of arsenic in rice. Submerged conditions in the paddy fields further induce the prevalence of toxic inorganic arsenic species in the environment. Our genomics and transcriptomics-based study reveals how a rice pathogen is coping with the lethal concentrations of arsenic by acquiring a novel resistance cassette during diversification into lineages. Acquisition of such detoxification mechanisms can provide a selective advantage to the bacterial population in avoiding toxicity or enhancing virulence and to their on-going evolutionary events. While there are numerous studies on plant-pathogen-environment interactions, our study highlights the importance of systematic studies on the role of unique micro-environmental conditions on the evolution of host-adapted pathogens/microbes.

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Arsenic in the environment—risks and management strategies

Cited by 32 publications

References 37 publications

Hydrogeochemical controls on mobilization of arsenic in groundwater of a part of Brahmaputra river floodplain, India

Hydrogeochemical controls on mobilization of arsenic in groundwater of a part of Brahmaputra river floodplain, India

Discerning the role of a functional arsenic-resistance cassette in the evolution and adaptation of a rice pathogen

Discerning role of a functional arsenic resistance cassette in evolution and adaptation of a rice pathogen

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