‘Arrowhead’ fractures in controlled-rolled pipeline steels

Microstructure and texture of hot-rolled Cb-Ti and V-Cb microalloyed steels with differences in formability and toughness

“…The presence of ferrite grains containing the {100}͗011͘ type texture has a detrimental effect on the delamination behavior of steels and is the principal cause of through thickness embrittlement. [22][23][24][25][26] It is therefore important that during the initial processing, the recrystallization of g should be avoided in order to prevent the formation of {100}͗011͘texture. The {332}͗113͘ is the most beneficial among the transformation texture components from the point of view of achieving a good combination of strength and toughness, and good deep drawability.…”

Factors Affecting Texture Memory Appearing through α→γ→α Transformation in IF Steels

“…transformation in deep-drawable cold-rolled sheet steels. 1,2) On the other hand, it has been observed that the initial texture hardly changes in microalloyed low-carbon steels with a considerable amount of Mn such as 0.09 mass%C-0.62 mass%Mn-0.03 mass%Nb, 3) 0.1 mass%C-1.35 mass%Mn-0.03 mass%Nb 4) and 0.19 mass%C-1.35 mass% Mn-0.06 mass%Nb 5) controlled-rolled sheet steels, in which martensitic transformation took place during cooling. In these studies, the mechanism was not discussed.…”

Mechanical Anisotropy in Steels for Pipelines

“…Such a split or delamination is illustrated in Fig. 9 and has been observed in the high-strength low-alloy steels, [61][62][63][64] in ferritic stainless steels, 65,66) ausformed alloys, 67) marformed steels 68) and low-carbon steels. 69,70) Delamination is created by weakness parallel to the rolling plane within the steel, either because hot-rolling is terminated at temperatures within the α + γ phase field, texture, inclusion alignment on the rolling plane, intergranular failure along prior austenite boundaries, segregation of phosphorus and sulphur and any aspect that leads to anisotropic microstructure.…”